Chapter 13 Lesson 3 Test on Tuesday Expeditions and Explorers
It's Social Studies Fair time
Social Studies Fair time line
Topic due - Tuesday, Oct. 5
Rough draft- Friday, Oct. 29
Sketch of Board - Wednesday, Nov. 10
Speech - Monday, Nov. 15
Set up for the Fair - Wednesday, Nov. 17

We will be in the Library on Oct. 8,11,12
We will be in the computer Lab on Oct. 13 and 14
If you were absent and did not receive you Social Studies Fair packet, see me on Monday

Lecture notes from Thursday and Friday
Use these notes and your book to answer the study questions. Chapter 13 Lesson 3 Questions due on Monday
Chapter 13
Lesson 3
Europeans Explore the Globe

Focus
* What leads people to explore the unknown?

Main Idea
* As you read, look for reasons European nations began to explore and claim lands overseas

How did the fall of Constantinople affect European trade with Asia?
* Europeans lost control of the sea trade between their continent and Asia

What developments allowed sailors to sail out into the Atlantic Ocean?
* Stronger ships
* New navigation instruments
* Better maps

Prince Henry the Navigator
* Never went on a voyage of exploration
* Began a school for navigators
* Died in 1460

Bartholomeu Dias
* Sailed around the southern tip of Africa and entered the Indian Ocean

Vasco da Gama
* Sailed as far as India
* Brought back a cargo of Indian spices and jewels
* Cargo 60 times what the trip had cost

Christopher Columbus
* Italian sailing for Spain
* Promised Ferdinand and Isabella wealth and new lands (Spain)
* Promised to spread the Catholic religion to the people of Asia
* August 3, 1492 sailed on his first voyage
* October 12, 1492 landed on an island in the Caribbean Sea he named San Salvador

Amerigo Vespucci
* Italian sailing for Portugal
* Explored the coast of Brazil
* 1507 named the new continent America in his honor

Ferdinand Magellan
* Sailing for Spain
* Sailed around the tip of South America and into the Pacific Ocean and on to Asia

John Cabot
* Italian explorer sailing for England
* Searched for a western route to Asia
* 1497-98 sailed along the North America and claimed the land for England

Spanish Armada
* Spain became angry about England's pirate explorers
* Wanted to force Protestant England to return to the Catholic Church
* 130 Spanish warships called the Armada attacked England
* English ships to fast drove the Spanish away

What event showed that England was becoming a world power?
* England's victory over the Spanish Armada





Chapter 13 Lesson 3
Study Questions

1) How did the fall of Constantinople affect European trade with Asia?
2) What developments allowed sailors to sail out into the Atlantic Ocean?
3) What is a caravel?
4) Who was Prince Henry the Navigator?
5) Who was Bartholomeu Dias?
6) Who was Vasco da Gama?
7) Who was Christopher Columbus?
8) When did Columbus sail on his first voyage? Where did he land?
9) Why do you think Prince Henry was called the Navigator if he never went on a voyage himself?
10) What use might Elizabeth I have had for the Spanish and Portuguese gold and silver captured by English Pirates?
11) Who was Amerigo Vespucci?
12) What was the name of the treaty that was signed by Spain and Portugal that divided the undiscovered between them?
13) Who was Ferdinand Magellan?
14) Why were the voyages led by Portugal and Spain important?
15) Who was John Cabot?
16) Who were Francis Drake, John Hawkins, and Walter Raleigh?
17) What event showed that England was becoming a world power? Explain this event.

Daily Geography Questions for Monday and Tuesday

26. In which direction does the Nile River flow?
* 27. Which type of landform has the Nile River formed at it's mouth?
* 28. A traveler going from the source of the Nile River to its mouth crosses six cataracts. What is a cataract?
* 29. What kind of vegetation does most of North Africa have?
* 30. In which present-day country is the Indus River valley?

* 26. north
* Movement
* 27. Delta
* Place
* 28. Waterfall
* Place
* 29. Desert
* Regions
* 30. Pakistan
* Location

* 31. Which present-day countries make up the Indian subcontinent?
* 32. Into which body of water does the Indus River flow?
* 33. In which mountains is the source of the Indus River?
* Daily Oral History
* 1. The colony of Jamestown grew rich in present-day Virginia. What crop made Jamestown prosper?
* 2. What vehicles did most American pioneers use in their move west?

* 31. India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh
* Regions
* 32. Arabian Sea
* Place
* 33. Himalayas
* Place
* 1. tobacco
* 2. covered wagons

Notes for Monday

Chapter 13
Lesson 2
Changes in Europe
Focus
?? What might cause a society today to change over time?
Main Idea
?? As you read, look for reasons that European society gradually changed
Define Vocabulary
?? Reconquista
?? Clergy
?? Indulgence
?? Heresy
?? Protestant
?? Reformation
Reconquista
?? A plan to make all of Spain Catholic

Clergy
?? Church officers

Indulgences
?? Pardons for sins

heresy
?? Denying the beliefs of the church

Protestants
?? Name of the churches that were formed as a result of protests against the Roman Catholic Church

Reformation
?? A religious movement that began in sixteenth-century Europe as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church, resulting in the founding of Protestantism

New Monarchies
?? King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella united their kingdoms and other parts of Spain under one rule
?? They wanted to drive the Moors out of from Spain
?? A Moor were Muslims who came from North Africa

??
?? The plan of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella was to make all of Spain Catholic which was called Reconquista


Uniting of France
?? The task of uniting France fell to Louis XI
?? French nobles took care of their own needs first and refused to listen to the King
?? Louis crushed the power of the nobles
?? Gave special favors to the merchants in the growing cities and towns

Uniting of England
?? Uniting of England took longer than France
?? In 1485 Henry Tudor, the Earl of Richmond, defeated Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth


How did each of the new monarchies establish its authority?
?? Ferdinand and Isabella united Spain and drove out non-Catholics
?? Louis XI crushed the power of the nobles and supported the middle classes
?? Henry VII united warring families an seized armies and land from powerful nobles

Life in Europe
?? Most people lived in small villages
?? Life as a peasant farmer had become worse than ever
?? The demand for wool was rising
?? Large landowners threw small farmers off their land and took it over, to make a large profit raising the sheep for the wool

What caused life to change for European peasant farmers in the mid-1500??s?
?? Landowners took land from peasant farmers to raise sheep for wool


How did the growing demand for wool affect the peasants?
?? They were forced off the land so that it could be used for raising sheep

In the 1500??s many Europeans moved from the country side to the cities. Why?
?? To escape the wealthy landowners, that were throwing them off of their land

Look on page 437
How many times larger were the population of London in 1600 than in 1500?

?? 4 times

A Weakened Church
?? The Catholic Church had been a strong force for continuity in Europe
?? It was weakened by improper behavior and poor judgment by the clergy
?? Pope Leo X sold indulgences and positions in the church until he was challenged by a priest named Martin Luther

??
?? Indulgences- which were pardons for sins
?? Pope Leo X did it a little different
?? He sold the indulgences for past sins
?? He also sold the indulgences for future sins that you would commit



What were indulgences? Why did Martin Luther feel that they were wrong?
?? Pardons for sins
?? Luther didn??t think forgiveness for sins could be bought

Protestants
?? Strongly protested these actions and became known as Protestants
?? The movement that gave rise to Protestant churches was called the Reformation because its goal was to reform the Catholic Church

How did the Reformation change Europe?
?? Many parts of Europe became Protestant
?? Reforms were brought to the Catholic Church

What was the Reformation?
?? A movement to change the Catholic Church

What effect did the Reformation have on Europe?
?? It led to the formation of new Christian churches and changes in the practices of the Catholic Church

If you did not finish your Chapter 13 Lesson 2 study questions in class,which you had plenty of time to finish, they are for homework.
Study Quesitions due on Monday.

Chapter 13 Lesson 2 Study Questions

1. Who were the new monarchies in the late 1400's?
2. Why did Louis XI favor the merchants in the growing cities?
3. How did each of the new monarchies establish its authority?
4. How many time larger was the population of London in 1600 than in 1500?
5. What caused life to change for European peasant farmers in the mid-1500's?
6. How did the growing demand for wool affect the peasants
7. Who took over the Catholic church in 1513?
8. Who was Martin Luther?
9. Why do you think others did not seem to care about the sale of indulgences?
10. What words would you use to describe Martin Luther
11. What were indulgences? Why did Martin Luther feel that they were wrong?
12. How did the Reformation change Europe? What effect did it have on Europe?
13. What might cause a society today to change over time?

Daily Geography Questions 21 - 25 for Thursday


21.Through which countries does the Nile River flow?
Ethiopia, Sudan, Egypt
Movement

22. Which city is the capital of Egypt?
Cario
Place

23. Which city is the capital and largest city of Sudan?
Khartoum
Place

24. Into which body of water does the Nile River flow?
Mediterranean Sea
Place

25. Where is the source of the Nile River?
Ethiopian Highlands
Place

Daily Geography Test Friday
Questions 11 - 25 Review the questions 1-10, some of these will be on the test also.

Chapter 13 Lesson 1 Study Questions and answers
1. Define
Renaissance
,,X A French word meaning ??rebirth??

2. Where did Renaissance ideas first take hold?
,,X Italy

3. Name the important events of trade in Italy.
,,X Venice
,,X Naples
,,X Milan
,,X Florence
,,X Genoa

4. What did merchants bring back other than goods?
,,X Ideas
,,X Philosophy
,,X Science
,,X Geography
,,X Technology

5. Who were the government leaders of the city states?
,,X Wealthy merchants
,,X Banking families

6. What did the city states compete for?
,,X To become the known as Europe??s greatest center of learning




7. What economic developments contributed to the rebirth of ideas in Italy?
,,X Italian merchants and bankers had become rich from trade with the East and had wealth to give to artists and thinkers

8. What contributed to the rebirth of ideas in Italy?
,,X Ideas brought from the East by Italian merchants and a renewed interest in Greek and Roman ideas

9. What was the relationship between Greek and Roman culture and Renaissance thinking?
,,X The study of ancient Greek and Roman works led to a new way of thinking about the world

10. What Greek and Roman ideas do you recall that may have supported individualism in the Renaissance?
,,X Greek ideas about democracy, a form of government in which individuals play a large role
,,X Roman ideas about the rights of individuals
11. What are patrons?
,,X Supporter of the arts

12. Who was Leonardo da Vinci? List his accomplishments.
,,X Scientist
,,X Engineer
,,X Inventor
,,X Had sketch of a flying machine
,,X Philosopher
,,X Writer
,,X Artist
,,X Mona Lisa
,,X The Last Supper- attention to detail amazing

13. Who was Michelangelo? List his accomplishments.
,,X Sculpture of David and Moses
,,X Painting of the Sistine Chapel



14. How did art change during the Renaissance?
,,X Art became less formal and more lifelike
,,X Both religious and nonreligious subjects were shown

15.Who was Mona Lisa?

16. Who was the first to use movable type to print?
,,X Johannes Gutenberg
,,X Invented the movable type and the printing press

17. In 1455, what did Gutenberg print?
,,X Bible

18. Who was the greatest writer of England??s Golden Age?
,,X William Shakespeare
,,X Greatest writer of England??s Golden Age
,,X Wrote poems and plays

19. How did the printing press affect the Renaissance?
,,X It allowed new ideas to spread quickly to all of Europe

20. What were some of the scientific contributions that Copernicus, Galileo, and Newton made?
,,X Nicolaus Copernicus
,,X 1500??s presented calculations that showed the Earth revolves around the sun
,,X Galileo Galilei
,,X Proved Copernicus?? theory
,,X Invented the telescope and proved that the Earth did indeed move around the sun
,,X Isaac Newton
,,X Wrote a book and introduced the gravity theory
,,X Explained how objects are controlled by gravity

Read Chapter 13 Lesson 1 notes
Make sure your Chapter 13 Lesson 1 study questions are complete

Daily Geography Questions for Wednesday
Daily Geography Test is on Friday, it will include Questions 1 - 20


17. Which present-day country that is part of both Europe and Asia belonged to the Lydians in ancient times?17.
Turkey
Place

18. Which city was the capital of the ancient land of Israel and is today the capital of the country of Israel?
Jerusalem
Place

19. Which river is the world's longest?
Nile River
Place

20. On which continent is the Nile River located?

Africa
Location

Classroom notes for Tuesday 09-21-04
I included the Daily Geography from the beginning of school. If you missed any, copy them into your notebooks under the section, Daily Geography.

New Direction for Europe
Chapter 13
Lesson 1
Rebirth of Ideas of Europe
Focus
* How might greater freedom for the individual help bring about an age of creative ideas?
Main Idea
* As you read, think about how changes in European thought encouraged individualism and creativity.
Renaissance
* a French word meaning "rebirth"
patron
* supporters of the arts
perspective
* A painting technique that shows the differences between things that are close and things that are far away`
Movable type
* Letters and numbers made from individual pieces of metal that can be positioned to form rows of words
telescope
* An instrument that can make faraway objects look close
gravity
* The force that holds objects to the Earth and keeps the planets circling around the sun
Scientific method
* A system of observing and experimenting to determine whether an idea should be accepted as true
The Renaissance begins in Italy
* Renaissance ideas first took hold in Italy
* Merchants brought back ideas about philosophy, science, geography, and technology
* These ideas inspired a new interest in learning
* City-states competed to become known as Europe's greatest center of learning

Which would you prefer?

* An assignment with strict instructions
* One in which you could use your own ideas
* When individuals are free to express themselves as they wish, they can be very creative
What economic developments contributed to the rebirth of ideas in Italy?
* Italian merchants and bankers had become rich from trade with the east and had wealth to give to artists and thinkers
Look on the map on page 430
* Which city-states controlled land that is not part of present-day Italy?
* The Duchy of Savoy, the Duchy of Milan, the Republic of Venice
What contributed to the rebirth of ideas in Italy?
* Ideas brought from the East by Italian merchants and a renewed interest in Greek and Roman ideas

* The Italian patrons supported scholars who believed in an idea unheard of during the Middle Ages --- the importance of the individual
* In the Middle Ages, scholarly thinking had focused on God and religion

* The study of the Greek and Roman works led the Renaissance scholars to a new way of thinking about the world
* They believed that people needed to understand how things worked
* The new way of thinking first appeared in literature

What was the relationship between Greek and Roman culture and Renaissance thinking?

* The study of ancient Greek and Roman works led to a new way of thinking about the world
Changes in Art
* Renaissance ideas about the importance of the individual also changed art and artists
Middle Ages
* Artists used only religious subjects
* Works looked formal and stiff
* Not respected
Renaissance artists
* Produced art that was far more lifelike and that showed both religious and nonreligious subjects
* Well respected
What Greek and Roman ideas do you recall that may have supported individualism in the Renaissance?
* Greeks ideas about democracy, a form of government in which individuals play a large role
* Roman ideas about the rights of individuals
What economic benefit did new views of artists have for the artists themselves?
* They received better pay
What effect do you think this had on their creativity?
* They became more creative, because they could create without worrying so much about how they would survive
How did art change during the Renaissance?
* Art became less formal and more lifelike
* Both religious and nonreligious subjects were shown
Leonardo da Vinci
* Scientist
* Engineer
* Inventor
* Had sketch of a flying machine
* Philosopher
* Writer
* Artist
* Mona Lisa
* The Last Supper- attention to detail amazing
Michelangelo Buonarroti
* Sculpture of David and Moses
* Painting of the Sistine Chapel
The Spread of Ideas
* Johannes Gutenberg
* Invented the movable type and the printing press
* William Shakespeare
* Greatest writer of England's Golden Age
* Wrote poems and plays

Look on page 433
Discussion of Gutenberg's printing press and movable type using the Multi-Flow Map to show Cause and Effect
Revolution in Science
* Nicolaus Copernicus
* 1500's presented calculations that showed the Earth revolves around the sun
* Galileo Galilei
* Proved Copernicus' theory
* Invented the telescope and proved that the Earth did indeed move around the sun
* Isaac Newton
* Wrote a book and introduced the gravity theory
* Explained how objects are controlled by gravity
Why was the Renaissance a good name for the age of learning?
* Because the word renaissance means "rebirth," and during the age of learning, old ideas were given a new live
In what ways did changes in European thought encourage individualism and creativity?
* The focus of scholarly thinking shifted form God and religion to the individual
What helped the new learning spread so quickly throughout Europe? What changes did this spread of ideas bring?
* Use of movable type for printing
* Increases in knowledge and desire for knowledge, greater volumes of literature
How might greater freedom of the individual help bring about an age of creative ideas?

DAILY GEOGRAPHYMake a section in your binder and label it Daily Geography copy the daily geography question into your binder each day
Today's question is:
1. From which continent did early people probably begin their global migration?
Use your book to answer this question, also put which theme of geography does it represent.
Daily Geography
* 2. By 12,000 years ago early people were living on every continent but one. Which one was that?
* Remember to use your book to answer and list which theme of geography it represents
Daily Geography

3. Near which type of natural feature were most of the earliest farming villages built?
Daily Geography

4. On which four of the sevens continents were the earliest farming areas developed?
Daily Geography

5. Between which two rivers is the Fertile Crescent?

* Tigris and Euphrates rivers
* Location
Daily Geography
6. In which present-day countries is much of the Fertile Crescent?

* Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Turkey
* Regions
Daily Geography
7.In which body of water do the Tigris and Euphrates rivers flow?

* Persian Gulf
* Movement
Daily Geography
8. Which mountains border the Fertile Crescent to the east?

* Zagros Mountains
* Place
Daily Geography
9. Which important resource used today is found in the southern part of the Fertile Crescent, near the Persian Gulf?

* Oil
* Relationship within places
Daily Geography
10. What is the capital of Iraq?

* Baghdad
* Place
Daily Geography
* Into which continent did the Assyrian Empire spread from lands in Asia?

* Africa
* Regions

* 12. Which body of waster links the people of Asia, Europe, and Africa?
* 13. In which present-day country is the land of the ancient Phoenicians?
* 14. Which city is the capital of Lebanon?
* 15. What natural resource, important to the ancient Phoenicians, is the symbol of the present-day country of Lebanon?
* 16. Moses led the Israelites from Egypt to Canaan across a large peninsula between the Red and Mediterranean seas. What is the name of this peninsula?

* 12. Mediterranean Sea
* Movement
* 13. Lebanon
* Location
* 14. Beirut
* Place
* 15. cedar tree
* Human-Environment Interaction
* 16. Sinai Peninsula
* Place

Homework:

Finish you Renaissance artist project, due on Tuesday, 09-21-04

Make sure you are finished with Chapter 13 lesson 1 study questions

Chapter 13 Lesson 1,2,and 3 Test is on Friday

Make sure you have completed Chapter 13 Lesson 1
Study Questions for Monday.

Tell your parents about our new CPS(Classroom Performance System)

Have fun this weekend!!! Go to the REBEL game!!!
GEAUX REBELS!!!!!