Chapter 17 Test is Wednesday
Test includes lesson 1 and 3, questions and vocabulary

Chapter 17 Lesson 1
Questions and Answers

1.Why would an iron plow be better than a wooden plow?
? because an iron plow would be stronger, making it less likely to break

2.Why might it be said that if the flying shuttle had not been invented, the spinning jenny would not have been invented?
? with the flying shuttle, cloth could be woven so quickly that thread could no longer be spun fast enough; the spinning jenny was invented to spin thread faster

3. What new ways of farming did British farmers introduce?
? iron plows, seed drills, and crop rotation

4. How did new technology change the textile industry?
? the spinning frame, the power loom, and other new technology speeded up the production of cloth and created the need for factories

5. Why did Britain lead the way in the Industrial Revolution?
? Britain encouraged experimenting, it had many natural resources, its colonies provided many low-cost raw materials, and there was a growing demand for goods

6. Why did the invention of different types of machines increase after 1769?
? because the new machines used steam engines which had been perfected in 1769

7. Do you think the British could have led the Industrial Revolution of Britain had not had coal and iron?
? yes, because British colonies supplied important raw materials
? no, because coal was needed to run machines in the factories

8. What area had the greatest number of industries?
? the south around Manchester, Liverpool, and London

9. What was life like for working people during the Industrial Revolution?
? Long hours in the factories and other unhealthful working and living conditions made life difficult

10. What steps did the industrial countries take to find new markets and new sources of raw materials?
? established colonies in Asia and Africa and signed new trade agreements

11. Why did Britain and other industrial nations want more colonies?
? They needed new markets for their goods and new sources of raw materials

12. How can technology change people?s ways of life?
?

13. Name the inventions that shaped the Industrial Revolution.
? Crop rotation, flying shuttle, spinning jenny, steam engine, power loom, iron plow

14. Where did the Industrial Revolution start?
? Britain

15. Why did the British use crop rotation?
? to keep the soil fertile

16. What changes did the demand for wool have on the farmers? Why?
? forced them off of their land into the cities to find work in the factories

17. What was the flying shuttle?
? invented in 1733, made it possible to weave cloth twice as fast as on the old looms

18. What was the spinning jenny?
? one worker could spin eight threads at the same time

19. What event revolutionized the textile industry in 1769? Why?
? steam engine


Chapter 17 lesson 3
questions and answers
1. What might be considered a benefit of a traditional economy?
? People do not have to decide what to do for a living; they just follow in their parents footsteps

2. What problems might arise ina command economy?
? Individual workers might want more say about the direction of the economy; individual workers might want to earn more or pay less for goods

3. Do you think that the change in the makeup of the upper class was a positive development?
? Yes, because it opened the upper class to those who were not born into it

4. According to Adam Smith, how would capitalism benefit both owners and workers?
? the owners would make a profit and the workers would have jobs and wages

5. How were Europeans divided into social classes as the Industrial Revolution?
? wealthy landowners
? middle class workers
? factory and farm workers

6. Why did conflicts arise among the social classes in Europe?
? upper class looked down on the middle class
? the middle class claimed the upper class did nothing to earn its wealth
? the working class felt used by the middle class

7. Why do you think labor unions got results that workers had not been able to get before?
? because they organized large numbers of workers in a group and they could plan an carry out actions better and on a larger scale

8. What goal did Owen and Marx share?
? to live in a system in which all people were equal in position

9. Why was it unlikely that American workers would revolt?
? they could vote
? better off economically

10. What did utopians call for?
? small communities in which people would work together and share ownership and wealth equally