Chapter 5 Study Guide
Define the following:

petitions
formal written requests to someone in authority

Joseph Brant
Mohawk leader who was an ally of the English

Writs of assistance
legal documents allowing officers to inspect ships' cargoes

nonimportation agreements
promises to stop importing goods taxed by the British

Samuel Adams
Patriot leader who formed committees of correspondence

William Pitt
British leader who developed a strategy for winning the French and Indian War

Townshend Acts
British laws that put taxes on many goods sold in the colonies

Patrick Henry
Virginia leader who protested British policies

Stamp Act
British law that resulted in a meeting of delegates from nine colonies

Intolerable Acts
British laws passed to punish colonists after the Boston Tea Party


2. In the 1700's who fought for power in North America?

England
France
Spain

3. What were the Intolerable Acts?
Limit town meetings
Shut the port of Boston
Establish a new Quartering Act


4. What was the Sugar Act?
Tried to raise money by taxing molasses

5. How did France try to protect its claims in North America?
Building forts in the Ohio River Valley

6. Which Native American group were allied with the French?
Huron

7. Why was the group The Sons and Daughters of Liberty organized?
To protest British policies

8. Why did Chief Pontiac give up his war against the British?
Britain issued the Proclamation of 1763

9. What was the goal of the Tea Act?
To help the British Company

10. Why did the colonists object to the Stamp Act?
They did not have their own representatives in Parliament

11. Who fought the first battle of the French and Indian War?
George Washington

12. Which event caused anti-British feelings?
Boston Massacre

13. How did colonists show their opposition to British taxes?
They boycotted British goods

14. What event led to the Intolerable Acts?
The Boston Tea Party

15. Describe the following events and explain how each contributed to worsening relations between the colonists and Britain: (a) the Boston Massacre; (b) the Boston Tea Party; (c) the Intolerable Acts

Boston Massacre
March 5, 1770 crowd gathered outside the Boston customs house
The rowdy crowd shouted insults and threw objects at the soldiers
Soldiers fired into the crowd and killed 5 people ( the first to die was Crispus Attucks, a black sailor)
Soldiers were given a trial and let go with light punishments ( some were branded on their hands)


Boston Tea Party
Three ships loaded with tea reached Boston harbor in late November 1773
Colonists dressed as Mohawk Indians boarded the ships and threw the tea into Boston harbor

Intolerable Acts
First Parliament shut down the port of Boston

Second, Parliament forbade Massachusetts colonists to hold town meetings more than once a year without the governor's permission

Third, Parliament provided for customs officers and other officials charged whit major crimes to be tried in Britain instead of in Massachusetts

Fourth, Parliament passed a new Quartering Act. British commanders could force citizens to house troops in their homes.

16. What role did Native Americans play as France and Britain struggled for power in North America?
Next slide

Many Native Americans tried to remain neutral , feeling that both the French and British were determined to take away their lands and way of life. Many sided with the French, whit whom they had strong trading partnerships. They fought with the French in an effort to keep the western lands closed to settlement. Some groups, such as the Iroquois, fought with the British.

17. What was the French advantage in the French and Indian War?
New France had a single government, allowing for quick decisions

18. What was the cause of the French and Indian War?
Began over with the fight over claims to the Ohio River valley

19. What was the Albany Plan of Union?
The plan was to unite to defend the colonies against France

21. What did the colonists form to communicate news of mutual interest?
Committees of correspondence

22. What were the Sons of Liberty dressed as when they boarded the British tea ships?
Native Americans

23. What states were the delegates from in the First continental Congress?
All colonies except Georgia attended the Congress


24. What did the Continental Congress advise each colony to do?
Form a militia

25. What event came immediately before the Intolerable Acts?
Boston Tea Party

26. Who did the delegates from the First Continental Congress support?
Massachusetts

27. In which colony did the conflict with the British grow violent?
Massachusetts

28. Give two reasons why the British insisted on taxing the colonies.
Britain needed to pay off its debt from the French and Indian War
It felt that the colonists should help to pay this debt because they had benefited from the war

29. Describe what led the British to issue the Proclamation of 1763.
Next slide

In the last year of the French and Indian War, the Indian chief Pontiac fought a war against the British and captured most of their western forts. When the British won the war against France, they gained control of the lands formerly held by France. The Indians could no longer look to France for help and stopped fighting. However, the British were concerned that growing numbers of white settlers would stir trouble with the Native Americans again. They passed the Proclamation of 1763, banning colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains