Notes from class
Chapter 14
Lesson 1
Africa and Europe
Focus:
What happens when people are forced to migrate against their will?
Main Idea
As you read, consider how Europeans forced many Africans to leave their homeland
Define Vocabulary
Plantation
Triangular trade
Middle Passage
racism
Kanem-Bornu
* Gained control of trade across the Sahara
* Kingdom had risen around Lake Chad in the 800's
* Grew wealthy from trade
* Kanem joined the kingdom of Bornu
* Greatest growth came under the rule of Idris Aloma
Idris Aloma
* Ruler of the Kanem-Bornu
* Improved his army
* Imported up to date weapons
* Taught newest ways to fight
* Devout Muslim tried to spread faith to the lands he governed
Benin
* Southwest of Kanem-Bornu
* Most important in the 1500's
* Grew rich by trade
* Spices
* Ivory
* Cloth
* Tools
* slaves
* Lands in what is now south-central Nigeria
* Benin was ruled by a dominant King
* Oyo was ruled by a king or alafin
* Council of advisers could remove him if they thought he was not a good leader
* Dahomey was ruled by a dominant king that ruled without the fear of being removed
* Ashanti was ruled by a king, but made decisions only after he had spoken to a council of local chiefs
* Had women on his council
What did the African kingdoms have in common? How were they different?
* Economies were based on trade
* Systems of governing were different
Europeans in Africa
* Brought many changes
* Portuguese first to establish settlements and set up trade with the Africans
* Africans rented the stations to the Portuguese for part of the profits
* Each station had a Catholic priest to teach Christianity
* slave trade became main export
How did the Portuguese carry on trade in Africa?
By establishing stations all along the African coast
The slave trade
How did the system of triangular trade operate?
Traders exchanged goods for slaves, the slaves were sold for plantation goods, and the goods were taken back to Europe
What were the effects of the slave trade on the people of Africa, Europe, and the Americas?
African lands were left empty, enslaved Africans were forced to come to the Americas, and Europeans developed a sense of difference between people
Geograpy Test Friday Questions 1- 30
Don't forget your geography test on Fridays.
United States Geography
1) Which river forms most of the border between the states of Washington and Oregon?
Columbia River
2) The Wright Brothers launched the world's first successful motor-powered airplane in 1903 on the sandy shore of which state? North Carolina
3) Coal mining is a major industry along what eastern mountain range? Appalachians
4) Which river forms the western border of New Jersey? Delaware River
5) The temperate rain forest of the Olympic Peninsula, which receives more than a hundred inches of rain a year, lies in which region of the United States? Northwest
6) Which state borders Yellowstone National Park on the north? Montana
7) Which U.S. national park, with the highest number of visitors per year, lies within Tennessee and North Carolina? Great Smoky Mountains
8) Acoma Pueblo, among the oldest continuously inhabited sites in the United States, is in what state? New Mexico
9) In the 1840's, a group of immigrants traveling west to California's Sacramento Valley met disaster crossing what is today Donner Pass, in which mountain range? Sierra Nevada
10) The easternmost point of land in the contiguous 48 states lies in which state? Maine
11) Which river forms part of the border between Oklahoma and Texas?
Red River
12) Which river flows through Nashville, Tennessee? Cumberland
13) Camp David, the rural retreat where President Clinton mediated a peace conference for the Palestinians and Israelis in the summer of 2000, is in which state?
Maryland
14) The youngest mountains in the Rockies rise about a foot every 400 years. These peaks are in which mountain range?
Tetons
15) Which is the only state that reaches from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes? New York
16) What is the name of the valley that lies between the ridges of the Allegheny and Blue Ridge Mountains? Shenandoah
17) The Susquehanna River flows into which large estuary? Chesapeake Bay
18) The city of Duluth is on the western edge of which lake? Lake Superior
19) What is the only mid-Atlantic state not bordered by the ocean? Pennsylvania
20) All of Louisiana's rivers ultimately flow into which body of water? Gulf of Mexico
21) Which river forms the border between California and Arizona? Colorado
22) Hunting and gathering are still practiced by some Native Americans in which northern state? Alaska
23) Mauna Kea, an island mountain whose peak has a major astronomical observatory, is in which state? Hawaii
24) Cars race on the Booneville Salt Flats in the Great Salt Lake Desert. These flats are in which state? Utah
25) Cape Cod is part of which state? Massachusetts
26) Portland, Oregon, lies at the confluence of the Columbia and which other river? Willamette
27) The largest dune area in North America, a region of the U.S. called the Sand Hills, is north of the Platte River in which state? Nebraska
28) The highest mountain in the contiguous 48 states, Mount Whitney, is located in which mountain range? Sierra Nevada
29) Delaware Bay is located between Delaware and the southern tip of which other state? New Jersey
30) The southernmost point on the Appalachian Trail, Springer Mountain, lies in which state? Georgia
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