These are review questions for IOWA tests
We will have pop quizes each day and a test on questions 1 - 25 on Tuesday. Please review these questions each night.


History Brain Quest

1.The colony of Jamestown grew rich in present-day Virginia. What crop made Jamestown prosper?

Tobacco

2.What vehicles did most American pioneers use in their move west?
a.Covered wagons

3.Before the Civil War, the North held one important military post in the South. What was it called?
a.Fort Sumter ( located at the entrance to Charleston Harbor in Charleston, South Carolina)


4.Which Marshall served on the U.S. Supreme Court from 1967 to 1991: John or Thurgood?
a.Thurgood Marshall ( the first black justice )

5.Where are stocks, bonds and other securities bought and sold?
a.On the stock exchange

6.In 1492, two monarchs gave Columbus money and ships. Give their names and the country they ruled.
a.Ferdinand and Isabella, king and queen of Spain

7.Which came first: 1) the Boston Tea Party or 2) the Townsend Acts?
a.The Townshend Acts taxed tea brought into the colonies which led to the protest known as the Boston Tea Party.

8.In the 1800's, a number of social reformers tried to set up utopias. What is a utopia?
a.An ideal or perfect community

9.Name the important canal. Built while Teddy Roosevelt was President, it linked the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
a.The Panama Canal ( it took 10 years to build before it opened in 1914)

10.In 1752, who flew a kite in a thunderstorm to prove that lightning is electricity?
a.Benjamin Franklin

11.Did the Revolutionary War last two years, five years or eight years?
a.Eight years ( from 1775 to 1783)

12.It's the Civil War. You see a soldier in a blue uniform. Which side is he fighting for?
a.The Union (or the North)

13.What bodies of water can you see from the Golden Gate Bridge?
a.San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean

14.The President is elected every four years. What government official swears in a new President?
a.The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court (gives the President-elect what is called the Oath of Office)

15.What do we call the period right after the Civil War when the South reestablished relations with the U.S. government?
a.Reconstruction (From 1865 to 1877, the Southern states were rebuilt after their defeat)

16.Which Kennedy was shot and killed in Los Angeles, California, in 1968?
a.Robert Kennedy (John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas, in 1963)

17.What is the main weapon used by labor unions to achieve their goals if negotiations fail?
a.Strike

18.What did sharecroppers give the landowner each year in payment for the land they rented and farmed?
a.a share of the crops

19.Which country did not send explorers to the Americas: Sweden, France, Germany, Holland, Spain?
a.Germany (at that time, Germany did not even exist as a unified nation.)

20.At the start of the Civil War, how many states had joined the Confederacy: three, seven, or nine?
a.Seven (they were soon joined by four more states)

21.What President, soon after he was elected, promised Americans "a new deal"?
a.Franklin D. Roosevelt

22.What are the first 10 amendments to the Constitution called?
a.The Bill of Rights (added in 1791, they protect basic rights such as free speech and religious choice.)

23.What were people called who spoke out or wrote boldly against slavery?
a.Abolitionists

24.Who was the first American astronaut to orbit Earth: Neil Armstrong or John Glenn?
a.John Glenn ( he completed 3 orbits in 5 hours and saw the sun rise and set 4 times)

25.How many senators are there in the U.S. Senate?
a.100 (2 from each of the 50 states)

26.Where did the last battle of the American Revolution take place?
a.Yorktown ( In present-day Virginia. About 17,000 French and American troops defeated the British)

27.Puerto Rico became a territory of the United States after what war?
a.The Spanish-American War

28.What document turned the united colonies of Great Britain into the United States of America?
a.The Declaration of Independence

29.Who has the sole power to appoint a justice to the U.S. Supreme Court?
a.The President

30.Name the law that gave 160 acres of unoccupied land to any citizen over 21 willing to live on it for 5 years.
a.The Homestead Act of 1862 (people who took advantage of this law were called " homesteaders.")

31.Name the island in New York Bay that once served as a major U.S. immigration station.
a.Ellis Island

32.The First Amendment protects a person's right to "free assembly." What is free assembly?
a.Meeting freely in public or private places

33.Which Spanish settlement came first: 1) Santa Fe, New Mexico, or 2) St. Augustine, Florida?
a.St. Augustine, Florida

34.Was the Battle of Bunker Hill a victory or a defeat for the American patriots?
a.A defeat ( the Americans were close to winning, but they ran out of ammunition.)



35.Clara Barton aided the wounded at Civil War hospitals. What organization did she found?
a.The American Red Cross

36.What document replace the Articles of Confederation and became the law of the land in 1789?
a.The Constitution

37.Which group received voting rights first: women or African-American men?
a.African-American men ( in the Fifteenth Amendment )

38.Which amendment in the Bill of Rights guarantees freedom of speech?
a.The First Amendment ( It also guarantees freedom of the press and freedom of religion)

39.Was the Emancipation Proclamation issued during or after the Civil War?
a.During ( It was issued in 1863. The Civil War ended in 1865)

40.Which best describes a war that is neither won nor lost: a stalemate, an armistice, or truce?
a.A stalemate ( two examples in modern history are the Korean War and the Vietnam War )

41.Paul Revere carried two lanterns to warn of approaching troops. What message did the two lanterns convey?
a.The British were coming by sea ( One lantern would have meant they were coming by land)

42.When a nation annexes land, does it 1) add land to its territory, or 2) give up land to another country?
a.1) adds land to its territory ( for example, with the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, the U.S. doubles its size)

43.Who is supposed to have made the first American flag?
a.Betsy Ross ( although the story, like George Washington's cherry tree, is more legend that fact)

44.What is the only government body that can declare a law passed by Congress to be unconstitutional?
a.The U.S. Supreme Court

45.John Sutter found something on his land that changed the history of California. What was it?
a.Gold


46.Did the 19th Amendment give women the right to vote or the right to equal pay?
a.The right to vote

47.What government official conducts most of his business in the Oval Office?
a.The President of the United States

48.What war ended with the Treaty of Versailles?
a.World War I

49.Robert Fulton's achievement in 1807 was laughed at as "Fulton's Folly." What did he give the world?
a.The first successful steam boat

50.What member of the President's Cabinet makes sure the country's laws are obeyed?
a.Attorney General

51.Whom did the Second Continental Congress name as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army?
a.George Washington

52.Name the 40th, 41st and 42nd Presidents of the United States.
a.Ronald Reagan, George Bush, Bill Clinton

53.What was the last of the 13 colonies to be founded: Maryland , Georgia or Virginia?
a.Georgia

54.Name the tax that prevented many Southern blacks from voting.
a.Poll tax ( a charge for the right to vote that many African Americans were too poor to pay )

55.If the President dies or resigns, who takes his or her place?
a.The Vice President ( The next in line is the Speaker of the House of Representatives )

56.In 1859, who seized the U.S. arsenal at Harper's Ferry, Virginia, and forcibly freed about 30 slaves?
a.John Brown

57.Who became the leader of the Nazi Party in Germany in 1933?
a.Adolf Hitler

58.On what national holiday do we honor all persons who served in the armed forces?
a.Veterans Day on November 11

59.What small village in Virginia became the place where the Confederacy surrendered and the Civil War ended
a.Appomattox (the surrender took place at the Apppomattox Court House on April 9, 1865)

60.What state has the largest number of representatives in Congress?
a.California ( A state's population determines its number of representatives in Congress )

61.What does the name "Old Glory" refer to?
a.The American Flag

62.The Vice President is second to the President. What official is "number two" to a state governor?
a.The lieutenant governor

63.In what war did the "redcoats" fight against the minutemen?
a.The Revolutionary War

64.What foreign country dealt with the United States in the transaction known as the Louisiana Purchase?
a.France

65.According to the Constitution is the power to declare war in the hands of the President or the Congress?
a.The Congress

66.Suppose Republicans out number Democrats in the Senate. What's the leader of the Republicans called?
a.The majority leader

67.In what war did France surrender to England all of Canada and its land east of the Mississippi?
a.The French and Indian War or Seven Years War

68.What two nations signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848?
a.Mexico and the United States ( the treaty ended the conflict known as the Mexican War)

69.Which treaty was signed in 1973: the Paris Accords or the Treaty of Paris?
a.The Paris Accords ( signed between the U.S. and North Vietnam and dealing with prisoners of war)


70.On what national holiday do we remember all those who died fighting for our country?
a.Memorial Day

71.What Native American woman served as a guide on the Lewis and Clark expedition?
a.Sacajawea, a Shoshone

72.Where was President Lincoln assassinated?
a.At Ford's Theatre

73.At what school did National Guardsmen kill four students protesting the Vietnam War?
a.Kent State

74.In the War of 1812, did France side with the United States or with England?
a.With the United States

75.What European country was the first to establish colonies in North America?
a.Spain

76.What U.S. President made history when he issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863?
a.Abraham Lincoln ( the Proclamation freed slaves in states rebelling against the Union)

77.What is the only way to change the Constitution?
a.Pass an amendment

78.What President came into office right after Lincoln's assassination?
a.Andrew Johnson

79.In 1857, the U.S. Supreme Court took a strong proslavery stand in a famous case.
Name the slave involved.
a.Dred Scott ( the court ruled against Dred Scott, a slave seeking his freedom)

80. What war was called "the living-room war" because most Americans were able to watch it at home on TV?
a.The Vietnam War

81.The time is March 5, 1770. The place is Massachusetts. In what protest is Crispus Attucks shot to death?
a.The Boston Massacre

82.What Southern general won a major victory over Union troops in the First Battle of Bull Run( Manassas )?
a.Thomas Jackson ( nicknamed "Stonewall" for his stubborn resistance)

83.What do we call the lawyer who represents the state in criminal trials?
a.District Attorney or prosecutor

84.What name do we give the mass murder of European Jews during World War II?
a.The Holocaust

85.What hero of the Mexican War became the first president of the Republic of Texas?
a.Sam Houston ( He defeated Santa Anna in Texas' struggle for independence from Mexico.

86.Suppose the President has vetoed a law. What does Congress need in each house to overturn the President's veto?
a.A two-thirds majority vote

87.General Charles Cornwallis fought in what war and for what country?
a.England in the Revolutionary War

Chapter 20
Study Guide
1.What was Hitler's slogan?
2.What political party was Germany's government ruled by?
3.Who did Germany join forces with to rule the world?
4.Who was Benito Mussolini?
5.When did Britain and France declare war on Germany?
6.What were some of the reasons for the start of war in 1939?
7.What countries did Germany take over in 1940?
8.What country did Hitler attack even though they had a peace agreement?
9.Who were the Axis Powers?
10.What happened on December 7, 1941, that would play a big role in the involvement of the United States?
11.When did the Italians surrender?
12.What events in 1941 proved to be turning points in the war?
13.What happened on June 6, 1944?
14.When did the Germans surrender?
15.What happened on August 6 and 9 1945?
16.What was Auschwitz?
17.What was the Germans plan for Europe?
18.What reason did the Germans have for killing Jews and other people?
19.How many soldiers and civilians died in the war?
20.What was formed to prevent new wars?
21.What was the Truman Doctrine?
22.What was the Marshall Plan?
23.Western powers formed ___________________ and Soviets formed __________.
24.How was Korea divided after World War II?
25.What happened on June 1950?
26.Who became the leader of Soviet Union in 1958?
27.Who built the Berlin Wall?
28.What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?
29.Where is Vietnam?
30.Who was the leader of communist North Vietnam?
31.Who were the Vietcong? What role did they play in the Vietnam war?
32.What happened in 1973?

Chapter 20 Lesson 3

Study Notes

How do differing ideas about government and economics lead to conflict today?

Truman Doctrine
*the United States would give money and supplies to help any nation that wanted to keep out the Soviets
*Also the United States would give military help

European Recovery Act or Marshall Plan

*Truman saw that this plan was passed by Congress
*The plan provided 13 billion to help European countries to rebuild their economies
*The United States, Britain, and France decided to unite the zones in Germany that each occupied.
*The Soviets saw this as a threat
*The Soviets blocked all land and water routes between the western part of Germany and the western zone of Berlin
*Britain and United States sent supplies and dropped it by air

Western Powers founded NATO
Soviets leaders organized the Eastern nations into the Warsaw Pact

1949 - Communist takes over part of China and renamed it the People's Republic of China

Korea after World War II was divided into two parts North - Soviets troops
South - American

June 1950 - North Korea soldiers crossed into South Korea in an attempted to unite North and South Korea under communist rule

The Korean War lasted until 1953. A new border was set up at the 38th parallel

Khrushchev

*Became the leader of the Soviet Union in 1958
*He demanded that the American troops leave West Germany
*Kennedy refused and the Soviets backed down
*East Germans built a wall between West and East Germany called the Berlin Wall




Cuban Missile Crisis

*Castro took over Cuba
*Castro became friendly with the Soviets
*Soviets built launching sites in Cuba
*Only 100 miles from Florida

Vietnam

*Country in Indochina
*Declared independence from France
*United States supported France
*Leaders was Ho Chi Minh, he had communists ties
*Divided into two parts North and South Vietnam
*Communist in the North
*Vietcong - " Vietnamese Communists" people of the south that supported the Ho Chi Minh and the communist
*War broke out between North and South Vietnam
*Early 1960's United States began helping South Korea
*1973 North Vietnamese and United States reach a cease fire agreement
*58,000 Americans died
*360,000 wounded

Vocabulary Test on Friday Chapter 20 Lesson 1 and 3

Chapter 20 Lesson 3
Study Questions

1.Who became the world's most powerful nations after World War I?
2.Why did the Americans and Europeans fear the Soviets?
3.What was the Cold War?
4.What was the "Iron Curtain"?
5.What was the Truman Doctrine?
6.What was the European Recovery Act or the Marshall Plan?
7.What did Britain, France, and United States do during the Marshall Plan? How did the Soviets react to this action?
8.In what part of Europe were most of the Warsaw Pact members?
9.In what part of Europe were most of the NATO members located?
10What was the Western response to the threat of Soviet expansion?
11.What organization did the western powers form?
12.What organization did the Soviets form?
13.How many parts was Korea divided into? Whose troops occupied these areas?
14.What happened in June 1950?
15.Why were Cold War tensions at their worst in the early 1950's?
16.What was the Berlin Wall? Why was it built?
17. What became the symbol of the Cold War?
18.What was the Cuban missile crisis?
19.Where did most of the fighting take place?
20.Who was the leader of Vietnam?
21.Who were the Vietcong?
22.When did the Vietnam War end?
23.Why did United States leaders decide to end their countries role in Vietnam?

"Learning is a treasure that will follow its owner everywhere."
-Chinese Proverb

Chapter 20 Lesson 1

Hitler's slogan- "One People, One Empire, One Leader"

Germany's government army and press was ruled by Nazi party

Germany joined forces with Italy and Japan to try to control the world.

Fascism - set of political ideas that valued strong government control, military strength, and intense nationalism

Benito Mussolini - forced the King of Italy to make him Prime minister

Mussolini banned all political parties except the Facist party

1935 - Italy conquered the African country of Ethiopia

1937 - Japanese military swept into the middle of China

1938 - Germans took control of Austria and parts of Czechoslovakia

appeasement - the policy of not opposing facism

1939 - Germans seized the rest of Czechoslovakia and attacked Poland

1939 - Britain and France declare war on Germany

What were some of the reasons for the start of war in 1939?

1)discontent with the Treaty of Verasilles
2)Unhappiness with how government handled economic problems


Worldwide Conflict

1940 - Germany had taken over Poland, Denmark, Norway, Belgium, the Netherlands, and France

Hitler failed to take Britain in 1940

1941 - Hitler attacked the Soviet Union, even though he had a peace agreement with Stalin

Japan added to their Asian empire. Japan captured other areas of China, and much of Indo-China

Axis Powers - German, Italy and Japan

December 1941 Japan bombs the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii

1943 Italians surrendered in September 1943

What events in 1941 proved to be turning points in the war?

1)Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor
2)U.S. joined war effort
3)Germans faced a difficult fight in Russia

The War Ends

June 6, 1944 D -day, troops landed on the beaches of Normandy, France, with plans to push toward to Germany

May 7 1945 - Germans surrendered ending the war in Europe

August 6, 1945 - U.S. drops an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan

August 9, 1945 U.S. drops another atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan

Japan surrenders after the attacks on Nagasaki and Hiroshima

How did the Allies gain victory in Europe and in the Pacific during World War II?

1)Allies launched the D-Day attack on the shores of France which led to the defeat
2)The United States dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki to defeat Japan

The Holocaust

Concentration camps - type of prison served as slave labor for German war effort

Auschwitz - a concentration camp where Nazi doctors used prisoners for strange and cruel medical experiments

Genocide - the killing of an entire group of people

The Germans' plan was to kill all the Jews in Europe
Jews were herded like cattle into boxcars and taken to special concentration camps

Holocaust - mass killing of Jewish people

6 million Jews had died in death camps and 6 million non-Jews were killed
What reason did the Germans have for killing Jews and other people?

To create a German super race


After the War

50 million soldiers and civilians died in the war

Refugees - people who leave their homes to seek shelter and safety else where

Conferences at Yalta and Potsdam

1)German guns taken away
2)Germany divided into four zones ( Britain, U.S. , France and Soviet Union would govern these zones

United Nations formed to replace the League of Nations and help prevent new wars

Please complete Chapter 20 Study Questions by Friday

Chapter 20 Study Questions

1.Which nation supplied more troops, Italy or China?
2.What were some of the reasons for the start of war in 1939?
3.Which events in 1941 proved to be turning points in the war? Why?
4.What other factors contributed to Germany's defeat?
5.How did the Allies gain victory in Europe and in the Pacific during World War II?
6.Between what lines of latitude and longitude did atomic bombing take place?
( use the map on page 590 )
7.What would future generations have lost if Anne Frank's diary had never been recovered?
8.Why do you think Soviet leaders wanted to keep communist governments in control of these countries?
9.What were the results of the Yalta and Potsdam conferences?
10.Which agency decides whether the UN will send peacekeeping troops to a war torn nation?
11.What were the three major Axis Powers?
12.How did the desires of some people to control others lead to a world war?
13.What factors led to the rise of fascism in Europe?
14.What arguments might people in the United States have made against getting into the war?

Chapter 19 Test Lesson 1,2,3
Study Guide Questions and Answers

1.List the countries in the Triple Alliance Austria-Hungary, Germany, Italy

2.List the countries in the Triple Entente France, Russia, Great Britain

3.What are alliances? An agreement to cooperate

4.What event started World War I? Who? What? Why? The assassination of Archduke Ferdinand and his wife, Austria thought the Serbian government had something to do with the assassination and declared war on Serbia

5.Who did Austria-Hungary declare war on? Serbia

6.What other countries declared war on each other? Germany declared war on Russian, Germany declared war on France, Britain declared war on Germay, Japan declared war on Germany

7.What happened on May 7, 1915? The Lusitania ocean liner was attacked by the Germans and sunk

8.Who was the president that asked Congress to declare war on April 2, 1917? President Wilson

9.How many soldiers were wounded and killed in World War I? 8 million killed and 20 million wounded

10.Why were there so many injuries and deaths during World War I? resulted from new technology such as machines guns, tanks and a poisonous spray called mustard gas

11.Which side lost more soldiers, the Allied Powers or the Central Powers? Which country lost more soldiers? Allied Powers, Russia

12.What happened on June 28, 1919? Delegates signed the Treaty of Versailles officially ending the war

13.How did the Treaty of Versailles punish Germany? 1) had to take full responsibility for the war, pay for damages, reduce its weapons and the size of its army, give up territory

14.What is a czar? Leader of Russia

15.Who ruled Russia in 1762? Catherine the Great

16.Who built the grand city of St. Petersburg? With what means (money) was the city built? Peter the Great, collected high taxes from everyone

17.Who was forced to give up his throne in March 15, 1917? Why? Czar Nicholas II wanted to keep things the same way and he had treated the people harshly for so many years

18.Who controlled the power and the money in Russia? Czars, and the nobles

19.Who founded the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party? Lenin

20.What was Lenin's slogan? "Peace, Land, and Bread"

21.What was the secret Police called during Lenin's rule? Cheka

22.Who was the White Army? Who was the Red Army? White Army - those opposed to Lenin formed this fighting force, Red Army - the Bolsheviks and Lenin formed this army

23.Who took over after Lenin? Joseph Stalin

24.What happened to the people that opposed Lenin or Stalin? Were killed or put into prison or slave labor camps

25.How did Stalin build a totalitarian state? Set up collectives, placed the economy under government control, Imprisoned or killed opponents of his government

26.Place the following events in order:
a.Production stays high, but demand falls 2
b.Americans buy huge amounts of goods 1
c.Businesses fail, and people lose jobs 5
d.Stock prices crash 4
e.The Great Depression begins 6
f.People buy stocks on credit 3

27.Which areas of the world were most affected by the Great Depression? United States, Europe, Asia, Africa, South America

28.What was the New Deal? Provided money to allow farmers to keep their land, help people who were out of work, created millions of jobs by paying for many public works, created the Social Security Act of 1935

29.What President proposed the New Deal? President Roosevelt

30.Who took over Germany after World War I? Adolf Hitler

31.What political party was formed by Adolf Hitler? National Socialist or Nazi party

32.Who did Hitler blame all of Germany's political and economic troubles on? The Jewish people

33.How did Hitler and the Nazis take control in Germany? Hitler convinced the Germans they were a superrace, promised to rebuild Germany's economy, and banned other political parties

Chapter 19 Test is on Wednesday
Review this guide for the test

Chapter 19 Test Lesson 1,2,3
Study Guide

1.List the countries in the Triple Alliance
2.List the countries in the Triple Entente
3.What are alliances?
4.What event started World War I? Who? What? Why?
5.Who did Austria-Hungary declare war on?
6.What other countries declared war on each other?
7.What happened on May 7, 1915?
8.Who was the president that asked Congress to declare war on April 2, 1917?
9.How many soldiers were wounded and killed in World War I?
10. Why were there so many injuries and deaths during World War I?
11.Which side lost more soldiers, the Allied Powers or the Central Powers? Which country lost more soldiers?
12.What happened on June 28, 1919?
13.How did the Treaty of Versailles punish Germany?
14.What is a czar?
15.Who ruled Russia in 1762?
16.Who built the grand city of St. Petersburg? With what means (money) was the city built?
17.Who was forced to give up his throne in March 15, 1917? Why?
18.Who controlled the power and the money in Russia?
19.Who founded the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party?
20.What was Lenin's slogan?
21.What was the secret Police called during Lenin's rule?
22.Who was the White Army? Who was the Red Army?
23.Who took over after Lenin?
24.What happened to the people that opposed Lenin or Stalin?
25.How did Stalin build a totalitarian state?
26.Place the following events in order:
a.Production stays high, but demand falls
b.Americans buy huge amounts of goods
c.Businesses fail, and people lose jobs
d.Stock prices crash
e.The Great Depression begins
f.People buy stocks on credit

27.Which areas of the world were most affected by the Great Depression?
28.What was the New Deal?
29.What President proposed the New Deal?
30.Who took over Germany after World War I?
31.What political party was formed by Adolf Hitler?
32.Who did Hitler blame all of Germany's political and economic troubles on?
33.How did Hitler and the Nazis take control in Germany?

Chapter 19 Test Lesson 1,2,3 has been pushed back to Wednesday, February 18. We will review all lessons on Friday and get a Review sheet on Friday also.