Daily Oral History and Daily Geography test on Friday

The following questions are on your DOH and DG test.

Daily Oral History

1. The colony of Jamestown grew rich in present-day Virginia. What crop made Jamestown prosper?

Tobacco

2. What vehicles did most American pioneers use in their move west?
a. Covered wagons

3. Before the Civil War, the North held one important military post in the South. What was it called?
a. Fort Sumter ( located at the entrance to Charleston Harbor in Charleston, South Carolina)


4. Which Marshall served on the U.S. Supreme Court from 1967 to 1991: John or Thurgood?
a. Thurgood Marshall ( the first black justice )

5. Where are stocks, bonds and other securities bought and sold?
a. On the stock exchange

6. In 1492, two monarchs gave Columbus money and ships. Give their names and the country they ruled.
a. Ferdinand and Isabella, king and queen of Spain

7. Which came first: 1) the Boston Tea Party or 2) the Townsend Acts?
a. The Townshend Acts taxed tea brought into the colonies which led to the protest known as the Boston Tea Party.

8. In the 1800's, a number of social reformers tried to set up utopias. What is a utopia?
a. An ideal or perfect community

9. Name the important canal. Built while Teddy Roosevelt was President, it linked the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
a. The Panama Canal ( it took 10 years to build before it opened in 1914)

10. In 1752, who flew a kite in a thunderstorm to prove that lightning is electricity?
a. Benjamin Franklin

11. Did the Revolutionary War last two years, five years or eight years?
a. Eight years ( from 1775 to 1783)

12. It's the Civil War. You see a soldier in a blue uniform. Which side is he fighting for?
a. The Union (or the North)

13. What bodies of water can you see from the Golden Gate Bridge?
a. San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean

14. The President is elected every four years. What government official swears in a new President?
a. The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court (gives the President-elect what is called the Oath of Office)

15. What do we call the period right after the Civil War when the South reestablished relations with the U.S. government?
a. Reconstruction (From 1865 to 1877, the Southern states were rebuilt after their defeat)

16. Which Kennedy was shot and killed in Los Angeles, California, in 1968?
a. Robert Kennedy (John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas, in 1963)

17. What is the main weapon used by labor unions to achieve their goals if negotiations fail?
a. Strike

18. What did sharecroppers give the landowner each year in payment for the land they rented and farmed?
a. a share of the crops

19. Which country did not send explorers to the Americas: Sweden, France, Germany, Holland, Spain?
a. Germany (at that time, Germany did not even exist as a unified nation.)

20. At the start of the Civil War, how many states had joined the Confederacy: three, seven, or nine?
a. Seven (they were soon joined by four more states)

21. What President, soon after he was elected, promised Americans "a new deal"?
a. Franklin D. Roosevelt

22. What are the first 10 amendments to the Constitution called?
a. The Bill of Rights (added in 1791, they protect basic rights such as free speech and religious choice.)

23. What were people called who spoke out or wrote boldly against slavery?
a. Abolitionists

24. Who was the first American astronaut to orbit Earth: Neil Armstrong or John Glenn?
a. John Glenn ( he completed 3 orbits in 5 hours and saw the sun rise and set 4 times)

25. How many senators are there in the U.S. Senate?
a. 100 (2 from each of the 50 states)

26. Where did the last battle of the American Revolution take place?
a. Yorktown ( In present-day Virginia. About 17,000 French and American troops defeated the British)

27. Puerto Rico became a territory of the United States after what war?
a. The Spanish-American War

28. What document turned the united colonies of Great Britain into the United States of America?
a. The Declaration of Independence

29. Who has the sole power to appoint a justice to the U.S. Supreme Court?
a. The President

30. Name the law that gave 160 acres of unoccupied land to any citizen over 21 willing to live on it for 5 years.
a. The Homestead Act of 1862 (people who took advantage of this law were called " homesteaders.")

31. Name the island in New York Bay that once served as a major U.S. immigration station.
a. Ellis Island

32. The First Amendment protects a person's right to "free assembly." What is free assembly?
a. Meeting freely in public or private places

These are the Daily Geography questions on your test on Friday.
Daily Geography


46. Which large landforms covers much of central India?
Deccan Plateau

47. What is the present-day name of the island nation located south of the Indian subcontinent?
Sri Lanka

48. Which religion do most people in India follow today?
Hinduism

49. Which religion do most people in Pakistan follow?
Islam

50. In which present-day country did the religion of Buddhism begin?
India

51. Which of the following cities is the capital of India? Delhi, New Delhi, Mumbai
New Delhi

52. What is the present-day name of the country that used to be Persia?
Iran

53. Which city is the capital of Iran?
Tehran

Daily Geography and Daily Oral History Test on Friday

Speeches are due on Monday. Don't Forget!!!!

Chapter 18 Lesson 1 and 2 Study Guide and answers for periods 2-4,7.

What contributes to the rise of national feelings?

* Working together for a common goal
* Geography of a region
* Language, religion, or race can unite a nation

Who is Giuseppe Garibaldi?
* the heart of the Italian people
* joined Young Italy in 1834
* leader of several revolts
* lead a revolt and captured the Island of Sicily and freed much of Southern Italy


Who united much of northern Italy? Southern Italy?
northern Italy - Cavour
southern Italy - Garbaldi

What brought about nationalism in Japan?
* Threats from other countries

Why did European countries compete for control of lands in Africa
* For raw materials to fuel the Industrial Revolution and for a new market for their goods

Define imperialism
* The practice by a country of adding of more lands, establishing colonies, and controlling the colonies

What was indirect rule?
* A type of colonial government that allowed some participation by local officials

Why did the British want to gain control of the Suez Canal?
* The canal in Egypt shortened the sea route from Europe to Asia, saving months of travel

What ended the Great Mutiny?
* British soldiers were sent to India to stop the rebellion

Who was the founder of Young Italy?
* Giuseppe Mazzini

What was the main goal of Otto von Bismarck?
* To unite German states into one empire

Who were the sepoys?
* Indian soldiers led by the British

What country did David Livingstone explore?
* Africa's interior

How were British colonies in Africa ruled?
* By indirect rule
* Local communities had some self-government

How were French and German colonies in Africa ruled?
* By direct rule
* European handled all colonial affairs

How did the African leaders respond when European countries came to
take control?

* Some gave into the changes
* Others fought to keep their lands and their ways of life

What countries does the Suez Canal connect?

* Northeastern Africa and western Asia

Why did the European countries build colonial empires?
For raw materials to fuel the Industrial Revolution
For an new market for their goods

The Suez Canal allows direct travel between what bodies of water?
* Mediterranean and Red seas

Who was the conflict between in the Great Mutiny?
* India and England

How did the East India Company lose its authority in India?
* The Great Mutiny ended the control

What was the Opium War?

* War between China and Britain
* War was over the Opium Trade

What was the only port city that the Chinese would allow the US to trade from?

Guangzhou

Who united Germany?
Otto Von Bismarck

Advanced Chapter 18
Lesson 1
Rise of Nationalism

How did the pride the French felt differ from the pride the Americans felt?
* The French were proud of working together to gain a greater voice in government
* The Americans were proud of the new nation they had created

What brings together people of different backgrounds in the United States?
* A shared love of freedom

What conditions encourage the rise of nationalism?
* Working together to solve a problem
* Geography
* Shared language or religion
* A common love of freedom

Which area was the last to join Italy?
* Venetia

How did Mazzini, Garibaldi, and Cavour help unite Italy?
* Mazzini stressed unity through his writings
* Garibaldi organized an army for revolution
* Cavour united much of the north and persuaded Garibaldi to set up a kingdom of Italy

How did the Japanese return to, or restore, tradition during the Meiji Restoration?
* They brought back the emperor
* They did everything they could to ensure that the "spirit of old Japan" would not change
* They continued to follow Eastern ways

Which part of the united nation first, southern Germany or northern Germany?
* Northern Germany

How did Bismarck unite Germany?
* By defeating Denmark and Austria
* He was able to unite the states into one empire

What caused the rise of nationalism in Japan?
* Fear of threats from other countries

Social Studies Fair is on Wednesday November 17
You can set up your projects on Tuesday from 5:00pm to 6:30pm and Wednesday morning from 7:30am to 7:50 am

Sketches of display boards are due on Wednesday
Speeches are due on Monday November 15

Daily Geography and Daily Oral History on Friday

Advanced Social Studies Questions and answers

Chapter 18
Lesson 1
Rise of Nationalism

How did the pride the French felt differ from the pride the Americans felt?
* The French were proud of working together to gain a greater voice in government
* The Americans were proud of the new nation they had created

What brings together people of different backgrounds in the United States?
* A shared love of freedom

What conditions encourage the rise of nationalism?
* Working together to solve a problem
* Geography
* Shared language or religion
* A common love of freedom

Which area was the last to join Italy?
* Venetia

How did Mazzini, Garibaldi, and Cavour help unite Italy?
* Mazzini stressed unity through his writings
* Garibaldi organized an army for revolution
* Cavour united much of the north and persuaded Garibaldi to set up a kingdom of Italy

How did the Japanese return to, or restore, tradition during the Meiji Restoration?
* They brought back the emperor
* They did everything they could to ensure that the "spirit of old Japan" would not change
* They continued to follow Eastern ways

Which part of the united nation first, southern Germany or northern Germany?
* Northern Germany

How did Bismarck unite Germany?
* By defeating Denmark and Austria
* He was able to unite the states into one empire

What caused the rise of nationalism in Japan?
* Fear of threats from other countriesChapter

Homework due on Wednesday
Study Questions for Periods 2-4, 7

18 Lesson 1 and 2
Study Guide

1. What contributes to the rise of national feelings?
2. Who is Guiseppe Garibaldi?
3. Who united much of northern Italy? Sourthern Italy?
4. What brought about nationalism in Japan
5. Why did European countries compete for control of lands in Africa?
6. Define imperialism
7. What was indirect rule?
8. Why did the British want to gain control of the Suez Canal?
9. What ended the Great Mutiny?
10. Who was the founder of Young Italy?
11. What was the main goal of Otto von Bismarck?
12. Who were the sepoys?
13. What country did David Livingstone explore?
14. How were British colonies in Africa ruled?
15. How were French and German colonies in Africa ruled?
16. Why did the European countries build colonial empires?
17. How did the African leaders respond when European countries came to take control?
18. What countries does the Suez Canal connect?
19. The Suez Canal allows direct travel between what bodies of water?
20. Who was the conflict between in the Great Mutiny?
21. How did the East India Company lose its authority in India?
22. What was the only port city that the Chinese would allow the US to trade from?
23. What was the Opium War?
24. Who united Germany?


Chapter 18 Lesson 2 Study Questions
Pages 542 - 547
1. Why did the European countries build colonial empires in Africa?
2. Why might Africans not have liked the dire3ct rule system set up by the French and Germans?
3. Why might Africans have been unhappy with the indirect rule system of the British?
4. Why do you think Muslims so fiercely opposed the European powers?
5. Why does the East African leader say that makes it clear that the East Africans are serious about keeping their lands?
6. How did African leaders respond when European countries came to take control?
7. Why do you think European countries wanted colonies in different parts of Africa?
8. Why did European nations show interest in Egypt after the building of the Suez Canal?
9. Why might the East India Company have decided to use Indian soldiers in its army?
10. Do you think it is surprising that the sepoys turned against the company? Why or why not?
11. Which country claimed the Philippines? What resources did it find there?
12. How did the East India Company gain authority in India? How did it lose that authority?
13. How did foreign powers come to control much of China?
14. Why do some nations try to control the governments and economies of other nations?

Vocabulary Test is on Friday, study your definitions and the questions below for your test.

Daily Geography and Daily Oral History is moved to next week

Chapter 17 Study Questions and answers for Lesson 1 and 3

This began in Britain and changed the way people lived and worked. What was it?

* Industrial Revolution

_____________________ means alternating the kind of crops planted in a field from year to year.
* Crop rotation

____________________ is cloth or the cloth industry.
* Textile

_____________________ is when families worked in their small homes, or cottages, to make cloth from cotton and wool supplied to them by a merchant
* Cottage industry

____________________ is large building where goods are made.
* factories

A _____________________ is a legal document guaranteeing that only the inventor has the right to make and sell the new idea or product.
* patent

_________________ is used to manufacture goods.
* Raw materials

An ___________________ is a person who takes a financial risk by putting up money to start a business.
* entrepreneur

An ___________________ is the way a country produces and uses goods and services.
* Economic system

A ____________________ is one that does not see much change over time.
* Traditional economy

In a __________________the government owns almost all land and natural resources.
* Command economy

In a __________________ the people decide which goods and services they will buy.
* Market economy

When an individual buys a product or service, he or she is showing a _____________ for that product or service.
* demand

If there is a great demand, the provider will increase the _________, or amount offered for sale.
* supply

__________________ is an economic system in which individuals invest money, or capital, in businesses.
* capitalism

________________ is letting the economy continue without interference from the government.
* Laissez-faire

A system in which people choose how they make and spend their money is called ______________.
* Free enterprise

The action of refusing to work until certain requirements are met is called ______________________.
* strike

Some workers thought they could get better results if they formed groups called ______________________.
* Labor unions

Under ___________________ the government owns all industries and runs them for the benefit of all the people.
* socialism

Believers in a perfect society are called _______________________.
* utopians

What goal did Owen and Marx share?
All people were equal

According to Adam Smith, how would capitalism benefit both owners and workers?
* The owners would make a profit
* Workers would have a job and wages

How were Europeans divided into social classes as the Industrial Revolution took hold?

* Wealthy landowners
* Middle class workers
* Factory and farm workers


Chapter 17 Lesson 1
Study Questions and answers

Why would an iron plow be better than a wooden plow?

* Because an iron plow would be stronger, making it less likely to break

Why might it be said that if the flying shuttle had not been invented, the spinning jenny would not have been invented?
* With the flying shuttle, cloth could be woven so quickly that thread could no longer be spun fast enough
* The spinning jenny was invented to spin thread faster
What new ways of farming did British farmers introduce?
* Iron plows
* Seed drills
* Crop rotation

How did new technology change the textile industry?
* The spinning frame
* The power loom
* Other new technology speeded up the production of cloth and created the need for factories

Why did Britain lead the way in the Industrial Revolution?
* Britain encouraged experimenting
* Had many natural resources
* Colonies provided many low cost raw materials
* There was a growing demand for goods

Do you think the British could have led the Industrial Revolution if Britain had not had coal and iron? Explain your answer.
* Yes
* Because British colonies supplied important raw materials
* No
* Because coal was needed to run machines in the factories

Why did the invention of different types of machines increase after 1769?
* Because the new machines used steam engines which had been perfected in 1769

What area of Britain had the greatest number of industries?
* The south around Manchester
* Liverpool
* London

What was life like for working people during the Industrial Revolution?
* Long hours in the factories
* Unhealthy working conditions and living conditions


What steps did the industrial countries take to find new markets and new sources of raw materials?
* Established colonies in Asia and Africa
* Signed new trade agreements

Why did Britain and other industrial nations want more colonies?
* They needed new markets for their goods and new sources of raw materials


What effect did crop rotation have on farming?
* It made soil more fertile

What did the spinning jenny, the power loom, and the flying shuttle help to create?
* Helped create the need for textile factories

Notes from Chapter 17 Lesson 1

Vocabulary Test Chapter 17 Lesson 1 and 3 on Friday

Chapter 17

The Industrial Revolution

Changes in Agriculture
* mid-1700's British farmers began to use new technology

* What are some examples of new technology that they used in the mid-1700's?

* What are some examples of new technology that we use today?

New Technology
* Iron plows instead of wooden plows
* Seed drill invented by Jethro Tull
* Crop rotation - alternating the kind of crops planted in a field from year to year.



* A growing demand of wool created the need for more land on which to graze sheep.
* Large farmers bought up many small plots of land and put the small farmers out of business
* This forced the farmers into the cities to look for work in the factories

What new ways of farming did British farmers introduce?
* Iron plows
* Seed drills
* Crop rotation

The Age of Machines
* During the early days of the Industrial Revolution, most of the new technology was developed for the textile industry
* Until the mid - 1700's textile making was a cottage industry. ( Families made the cloth in their own homes )

Inventions
* Flying shuttle in 1733 made it possible to weave cloth twice as fast as on old looms
* In 1764 James Hargreaves invented the spinning jenny ( one worker could spin eight threads at the same time )
* Factories - rich merchants would buy up machines and place them in a building
* Factories depended on water for power, so these factories were built beside fast moving rivers.
* This changed when James Watt built the steam engine
* Steam became the power of he Industrial Revolution

How did new technology change the textile industry?
* Spinning frame
* Power loom
* Other new technology speeded up the production of cloth and created the need for factories

Britain Leads the Way
* Industrial Revolution began in Britain
* Experimenting was encouraged throughout Britain
* Money and prizes for contest winners, large cities had science clubs
* 1000 new machines received patents in Britain between 1760 and 1789
* Patent is a legal document guaranteeing that only the inventor has the right to make and sell eh new idea or product

Other factors that helped Britain lead the Industrial Revolution
* Had many natural resources such as iron and coal ( iron was used to make machine parts and coal was burned to run steam engines )
* Britain's colonies supplied industries with low-cost cotton, lumber, wool, and other raw materials used to manufacture goods
Why did Britain lead the way in the Industrial Revolution?

* Britain encouraged experimenting
* had many natural resources
* colonies provided many low-cost raw materials
* was a growing demand for goods

What was life like for working people during the Industrial Revolution?
* Long hours in the factories
* Low wages ( men worked 6 days a week 12 hours a day for low wages, women and children worked the same for even lower wages)
* Other unhealthy working and living conditions made life difficult


* The first factory in the United States was a cotton mill built in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, by a British entrepreneur named Samuel Slater. He secretly built this mill because it was illegal for anyone to carry plans for machines out of England

Economic Success
* Gave Britain and the other industrial nations new strength in dealing with other nations
* Expanded their colonies in Asia
* Forced China and Japan into signing new trade agreements

What steps did the industrial countries take to find new markets and new sources of raw materials?
* Established new colonies in Asia and Africa
* Signed new trade agreements

Daily Geography and Daily Oral History Test is moved to Tuesday, November 9.

This is the Daily Oral History Questions 10 - 32

* 10. What two bodies of water can you see from the Golden Gate Bridge?
* 11. The President is elected every four years. What government official swears in a new President?
* 12. They were the first Americans to develop a writing system. Were they the Incas, the Aztecs or the Mayas
* 13. What do we call the period right after the Civil War when the South reestablished relations with the U.S. government?

* 10. San Francisco Bay, Pacific Ocean
* The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
* The Mayas( they wrote books of history, religion, science and mathematics, only four of which survive)
* Reconstruction ( From 1865 to 1877, the Southern states were rebuilt after their defeat)

DOH
* 14. Which Kennedy was shot and killed in Los Angeles, California, in 1968?
* 15. French fur traders often married Native American women and lived among their people. True or False
* 16. What did sharecroppers give the landowner each year in payment for the land they rented and farmed?
* 17. When John F. Kennedy was President, who was the First Lady?

* 14. Robert Kennedy ( John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas in 1963
* 15. True ( Unlike the Spanish, the French did not force Native Americans to convert to their religion or way of life)
* 16. a share of the crops
* 17. Jacqueline ( or Jackie) Bouvier Kennedy

* 18.What is the main weapon used by labor unions to achieve their goals if negotiations fail?
* 19. Which country did not send explorers to the Americas: Sweden, France, Germany, Holland, or Spain?
* 20. At the start of the Civil War, how many states had joined the Confederacy: three, seven, or nine?
* 21. What President, soon after he was elected, promised Americans "a new deal"?

* 18. Strike
* 19. Germany
* 20. Seven
* 21. Franklin D. Roosevelt

* 22. What are the first 10 amendments to the Constitution called?
* 23. What were people called who spoke out or wrote boldly against slavery?
* 24. Who was the first American astronaut to orbit Earth?
* 25. How many senators are there in the U.S. Senate

* 22. Bill of Rights
* 23. Abolitionists
* 24. John Glenn
* 25. 100

* 26. Where did the last battle of the American Revolution take place?
* 27. Puerto Rico became a territory of the United after what war?
* 28. What document turned the United colonies of Great Britain into the United States of America?
* 29. Who has the sole power to appoint a justice to the U.S. Supreme Court?


* 26. Yorktown
* 27. The Spanish-American War
* 28. The Declaration of Independence
* 29. The President

* 30. Name the law that gave 160 acres of unoccupied land to any citizen over 21 willing to live on it for 5 years.
* 31. Name the island in New York Bay that once served as a major U.S. immigration station.
* 32. The First Amendment protects a person's right to "free assembly." What is free assembly?

* 30. the Homestead Act of 1862
* 31. Ellis Island
* 32. Meeting freely in public or private places
Daily Geography
Calculate how many new machines a year received a patent between 1760 and 1789. 1,000 machines received patents in the entire period.

* 1789 - 1760 = 29 years
* 1,000 machines /29 years = 34 machines a year

* A Watts steam engine used 2 tons of coal to run power looms for 15 hours. Calculate how many tons of coal the steam engine would use if the power looms were run continuously for 5 days.

* 5 days X 24 hours / 15 hours X 2 tons
* = 16 tons

This the Daily Geography Questions 41 - 50

* 41. Which country today has the world's largest population?
* 42. Which city is the capital of China?
* 43. In which part of china is the Great Wall located?
* 44. Which two continents did the Silk Road link?
* 45. Through which mountain range did the Aryans pass to get to the Indian subcontinent?


* 41. China
* place
* 42. Beijing
* Place
* 43. northern China
* Location
* 44. Asia and Europe
* Movement
* 45. Hindu Kush
* Movement



* 46. Which large landforms covers much of central India?
* 47. What is the present-day name of the island nation located south of the Indian subcontinent?
* 48. Which religion do most people in India follow today?
* 49. Which religion do most people in Pakistan follow?
* 50. In which present-day country did the religion of Buddhism begin?

* 46. Deccan Plateau
* Place
* 47. Sri Lanka
* Place
* 48. Hinduism
* Place
* 49. Islam
* Place
* 50. India
* Place

Homework due Wednesday
Study Questions for periods 2-4, and 7
Chapter 17 Study Questions
Lesson 1 and 3

1. This began in Britain and changed the way people lived and worked. What was it?
2. _____________________ means alternating the kind of crops planted in a field from year to year.
3. ______________________ is cloth or the cloth industry.
4. _____________________ is when families worked in their small homes, or cottages, to make cloth from cotton and wool supplied to them by a merchant
5. ____________________ is large building where goods are made.
6. A _____________________ is a legal document guaranteeing that only the inventor has the right to make and sell the new idea or product.
7. ______________________ is used to manufacture goods.
8. An ___________________ is a person who takes a financial risk by putting up money to start a business.
9. An ___________________ is the way a country produces and uses goods and services.
10. A ____________________ is one that does not see much change over time.
11. In a __________________the government owns almost all land and natural resources.
12. In a __________________ the people decide which goods and services they will buy.
13. When an individual buys a product or service, he or she is showing a _____________ for that product or service.
14. If there is a great demand, the provider will increase the _________, or amount offered for sale.
15. __________________ is an economic system in which individuals invest money, or capital, in businesses.
16. ________________ is letting the economy continue without interference from the government.
17. A system in which people choose how they make and spend their money is called ______________.
18. The action of refusing to work until certain requirements are met is called ______________________.
19. Some workers thought they could get better results if they formed groups called ______________________.
20. Under ___________________ the government owns all industries and runs them for the benefit of all the people.
21. Believers in a perfect society are called __________________________.
22. What goal did Owen and Marx share?
23. According to Adam Smith, how would capitalism benefit both owners and workers?
24. How were Europeans divided into social classes as the Industrial Revolution took hold?
25. Define the vocabulary for Chapter 17 Lesson 1 and 3

Homework Lesson 1 only
Study Questions for Periods 1 and 5
Advanced Social Studies
Chapter 17 Lesson 1
Study Questions
1. Why would an iron plow be better than a wooden plow?
2. Why might it be said that if the flying shuttle had not been invented, the spinning jenny would not have been invented?
3. What new ways of farming did British farmers introduce?
4. How did new technology change the textile industry?
5. Why did Britain lead the way in the Industrial Revolution?
6. Do you think the British could have led the Industrial Revolution if Britain had not had coal and iron? Explain your answer.
7. Why did the invention of different types of machines increase after 1769?
8. What area of Britain had the greatest number of industries?
9. What was life like for working people during the Industrial Revolution?
10. What steps did the industrial countries take to find new markets and new sources of raw materials?
11. Why did Britain and other industrial nations want more colonies?
12. What effect did crop rotation have on farming?
13. What did the spinning jenny, the power loom, and the flying shuttle help to create?

Chapter 17 Lesson 3
Study Questions

1. What might be considered a benefit of a traditional economy?
2. What problems might arise in a command economy?
3. Do you think that the change in the makeup of the upper class was a positive development? Why or why not?
4. According to Adam Smith, how would capitalism benefit both owners and workers?
5. Adam Smith believed that in a capitalist system, the government should __________________.
6. How were Europeans divided into social classed as the Industrial Revolution took hold?
7. Why did conflicts arise among the social classes in Europe?
8. The economic system in which the government owns industries and runs them for the benefit of all the people is called __________________.
9. Why do you think labor unions got results that workers had not been able to get before?
10. Capitalism is an economic system based on ______________________.
11. What goal did Owen and Marx share?
12. Why was it unlikely that American workers would revolt?
13. What did utopians call for?
14. Why was there less class conflict in the United States than in Europe?

Make Up test for Chapter 16 will be on Monday

We will go to the Library and cast our vote for President on Monday. Each class will have an assigned time to vote. Think about which candidate best fits your political views.

Have fun this weekend!!!!

Remember Rough Drafts are due tomorrow!!!
Chapter 16 Test is Friday
Study Questions and Vocabulary Lesson 1 and 2

Chapter 16 Lesson 1 Study Questions

Many enlightenment thinkers were interested in the rights of individuals. What does this suggest about governments in Europe at the time?

?? They did not protect individual rights
?? They were not responsible to the people they governed

What roles did Thomas Jefferson and George Washington play in the American Revolution?
?? Jefferson was the voice of the American Revolution
?? Washington commanded the American Army

How did the Constitution answer the concerns of people who disliked the idea of strong government?
?? It divided authority between the states and the central government
?? Divided the central government into three branches that checked and balanced one another??s authority

Why do you think the Bill of Rights was later added to the Constitution?
?? The Constitution itself did not offer enough protection of individual rights
What did the British control in 1783?
?? The land north of the Great Lakes

How did Louis XVI??s actions help start the French Revolution?
?? He increased taxes, all paid by the Third Estate

Why did the young revolutionaries who took over the government have Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, and many nobles executed?
?? As part of their plan to break with the past and build a new society,
?? They wanted to get rid of those who had held all the power in the past

How did Napoleon??s attitude toward power contribute to both his rise and his fall?
?? As a military officer, Napoleon hungered for power, and his ambition drove him to take control of the government
?? As emperor, Napoleon wanted to extend his power beyond France and did so, but he set no limits and did not know where or when to stop, and so he opposed and brought down by armies from Britain and its allies

Why did the focus of the French Revolution change from human rights to terror?
?? New revolutionary leaders brought violence to France
?? They were upset at opposition to the revolution from inside and outside France

How did Napoleon affect Europe?
?? He conquered lands
?? Encouraged the spread of revolutionary ideas



How were Louis XVI and Napoleon alike? How were they different?
?? Alike: Neither wanted to share power with others
?? Different: Napoleon believed in the ideas of the revolution, but Louis XVI did not

Chapter 16 Lesson 2 Study Questions
Why did the peninsulars not respect the Creoles?

?? Because the Creoles were born in Latin America, not Europe

Why did the missionaries not treat the Indians as equals?
?? Because of the Indians?? social class

What do you think influenced the missionaries to help the Indians?
?? Their religious beliefs, which taught them to help other human beings

How was society in colonial Latin America organized?
?? Into several classes: peninsulars, Creoles, mestizos or mulattoes, and Africans and Indians

Why were the freed slaves in St Domingue not satisfied with the end of slavery in the colony?
?? Because the French still controlled the colony and the freed slaves wanted independence

Why did Creoles in Argentina and Venezuela set up juntas?
?? They wanted to govern themselves

What did the juntas do?
?? Replaced Spanish rule

Why did the Creoles dislike being ruled by distant government?
?? The Creoles wanted to control their own lives

How were the pathways to independence different in Brazil, Mexico, and Spanish South America?
?? Brazil won its independence peacefully,
?? Mexico and Spanish South America won their independence through revolutions

What three European countries controlled the Latin American colonies?
?? Spain, Portugal, and France

Why did people in the Latin American colonies seek to change their governments?
?? They had little say in government
?? They wanted to be free of the peninsulars?? rule
?? They wanted to control their own lives

Rough Drafts are due on Friday!!!!!

Don't forget DOH and DG test on Friday also!!!

Notes for Chapter 16 Lesson 1


Chapter 16
Lesson 1
Democratic Revolutions

The American Revolution
* Summer of 1776- Americans celebrated the Declaration of Independence
* Thomas Jefferson was the main author of the Declaration of Independence
* Jefferson said that the British did not care about the rights of the American colonists
* The Rights of individuals had deep roots in the history of Britain


* Magna Carta - signed in 1215, became the base of laws that protected the rights of everyone in Britain
* English Bill of Rights - 1689, granted even more individual rights

Declaration of Independence
* Thomas Jefferson was the main author
* Jefferson explained that the laws were supposed to protect
* Jefferson also explained that people have certain rights and that among these is are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness
* This document led to a change in government ---- a revolution

George Washington
* Led the colonists to victory in the Revolutionary War with Britain
* Took control of the American forces in 1775
* Treated his soldiers with respect
* In 1781, after six years of fighting, the colonists won their independence

Enlightenment
* Began in France in the early 1700's
* Focused on ways to create a government that would protect the rights of individuals
* Some important thinkers were:
* Volataire
* Jean-Jacques Rousseau
* John Locke



* Because the former colonists disliked the idea of strong government, the United States became a confederation, or loose group of governments
* The central government had little authority
* Under this government, the states did not always cooperate
* A BIG CHANGE WAS NEEDED!!!!!

Constitution of the United States of America
* States leaders agreed that a change was needed
* 1787 Washington led a group that would draw up a new plan for government----the Constitution of the United States of America
* Established a democratic republic, in which citizens select people to represent them in government
* States and central government shared authority

The central, or national, government was divided into three branches
* One to make the laws
* One to interpret them
* One to enforce them

* Each of these branches was designed to check and balance the authority of the others

Bill of Rights
* Added to the Constitution in 1789
* Protected individual rights- including freedom of speech, and freedom of religion

What roles did Thomas Jefferson and George Washington play in the American Revolution?
* Jefferson was the voice of the American Revolution
* Washington commanded the American Army

The French Revolution
* France helped the Americans in the fight for independence
* This drained the French treasury
* Louis XVI decided to raise taxes to solve the country's money problem
* Louis XVI called for a meeting of the Estate General

Estates General
* The First Estate - the clergy
* The Second Estate - the nobles ( owned most of the land, held most of the high government positions, and paid little taxes)
* The Third Estate - doctors to merchants to peasants ( members had little say in the government but paid nearly all the taxes)

National Assembly
* The Third Estate broke away from the Estates General
* They were tired of paying all of the taxes and having no voice in the government
* They claimed the right to make laws
* July 14, 1789 crowds stormed the Bastille and took the weapons and freed the prisoners thus starting the French Revolution


How did Louis XVI's actions help start the French Revolution?
* Increased taxes, all paid by the Third Estate

Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
* Promised freedom of speech and religions
* Equal treatment of all citizens under the law
* Ended the special rights held by the First and Second Estates
* Women were given no rights


* The National Assembly adopted a new constitution for France
* The king would remain on the throne, but and elected assembly would make the laws
* Louis XVI publicly agreed to the plan, but secretly asked other countries to attack and overthrow the revolutionaries
* Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette was thrown in jail and stripped of their authority
* A group of young revolutionaries took over and built a new society in France
* Ordered Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette executed by the guillotine

Why did the focus of the French Revolution change from human rights to terror?
* New revolutionary leaders brought violence to France
* They were upset at opposition to the revolution from inside and outside France

Napoleon Bonaparte
* Famous French officer
* 1799 took control of the French government









Napoleon
* Made himself Emperor of France
* Empire reached from Spain to Russia
* Summer 1812 led 600,000 troops into Russia, supplies ran out, winter set in and soldiers dies ( 100,000 left )
* European allies defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815

How did Napoleon affect Europe?
* He conquered lands
* Encouraged the spread of revolutionary ideas