Notes from Chapter 17 Lesson 1
Vocabulary Test Chapter 17 Lesson 1 and 3 on Friday
Chapter 17
The Industrial Revolution
Changes in Agriculture
* mid-1700's British farmers began to use new technology
* What are some examples of new technology that they used in the mid-1700's?
* What are some examples of new technology that we use today?
New Technology
* Iron plows instead of wooden plows
* Seed drill invented by Jethro Tull
* Crop rotation - alternating the kind of crops planted in a field from year to year.
* A growing demand of wool created the need for more land on which to graze sheep.
* Large farmers bought up many small plots of land and put the small farmers out of business
* This forced the farmers into the cities to look for work in the factories
What new ways of farming did British farmers introduce?
* Iron plows
* Seed drills
* Crop rotation
The Age of Machines
* During the early days of the Industrial Revolution, most of the new technology was developed for the textile industry
* Until the mid - 1700's textile making was a cottage industry. ( Families made the cloth in their own homes )
Inventions
* Flying shuttle in 1733 made it possible to weave cloth twice as fast as on old looms
* In 1764 James Hargreaves invented the spinning jenny ( one worker could spin eight threads at the same time )
* Factories - rich merchants would buy up machines and place them in a building
* Factories depended on water for power, so these factories were built beside fast moving rivers.
* This changed when James Watt built the steam engine
* Steam became the power of he Industrial Revolution
How did new technology change the textile industry?
* Spinning frame
* Power loom
* Other new technology speeded up the production of cloth and created the need for factories
Britain Leads the Way
* Industrial Revolution began in Britain
* Experimenting was encouraged throughout Britain
* Money and prizes for contest winners, large cities had science clubs
* 1000 new machines received patents in Britain between 1760 and 1789
* Patent is a legal document guaranteeing that only the inventor has the right to make and sell eh new idea or product
Other factors that helped Britain lead the Industrial Revolution
* Had many natural resources such as iron and coal ( iron was used to make machine parts and coal was burned to run steam engines )
* Britain's colonies supplied industries with low-cost cotton, lumber, wool, and other raw materials used to manufacture goods
Why did Britain lead the way in the Industrial Revolution?
* Britain encouraged experimenting
* had many natural resources
* colonies provided many low-cost raw materials
* was a growing demand for goods
What was life like for working people during the Industrial Revolution?
* Long hours in the factories
* Low wages ( men worked 6 days a week 12 hours a day for low wages, women and children worked the same for even lower wages)
* Other unhealthy working and living conditions made life difficult
* The first factory in the United States was a cotton mill built in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, by a British entrepreneur named Samuel Slater. He secretly built this mill because it was illegal for anyone to carry plans for machines out of England
Economic Success
* Gave Britain and the other industrial nations new strength in dealing with other nations
* Expanded their colonies in Asia
* Forced China and Japan into signing new trade agreements
What steps did the industrial countries take to find new markets and new sources of raw materials?
* Established new colonies in Asia and Africa
* Signed new trade agreements
Daily Geography and Daily Oral History Test is moved to Tuesday, November 9.
This is the Daily Oral History Questions 10 - 32
* 10. What two bodies of water can you see from the Golden Gate Bridge?
* 11. The President is elected every four years. What government official swears in a new President?
* 12. They were the first Americans to develop a writing system. Were they the Incas, the Aztecs or the Mayas
* 13. What do we call the period right after the Civil War when the South reestablished relations with the U.S. government?
* 10. San Francisco Bay, Pacific Ocean
* The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
* The Mayas( they wrote books of history, religion, science and mathematics, only four of which survive)
* Reconstruction ( From 1865 to 1877, the Southern states were rebuilt after their defeat)
DOH
* 14. Which Kennedy was shot and killed in Los Angeles, California, in 1968?
* 15. French fur traders often married Native American women and lived among their people. True or False
* 16. What did sharecroppers give the landowner each year in payment for the land they rented and farmed?
* 17. When John F. Kennedy was President, who was the First Lady?
* 14. Robert Kennedy ( John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas in 1963
* 15. True ( Unlike the Spanish, the French did not force Native Americans to convert to their religion or way of life)
* 16. a share of the crops
* 17. Jacqueline ( or Jackie) Bouvier Kennedy
* 18.What is the main weapon used by labor unions to achieve their goals if negotiations fail?
* 19. Which country did not send explorers to the Americas: Sweden, France, Germany, Holland, or Spain?
* 20. At the start of the Civil War, how many states had joined the Confederacy: three, seven, or nine?
* 21. What President, soon after he was elected, promised Americans "a new deal"?
* 18. Strike
* 19. Germany
* 20. Seven
* 21. Franklin D. Roosevelt
* 22. What are the first 10 amendments to the Constitution called?
* 23. What were people called who spoke out or wrote boldly against slavery?
* 24. Who was the first American astronaut to orbit Earth?
* 25. How many senators are there in the U.S. Senate
* 22. Bill of Rights
* 23. Abolitionists
* 24. John Glenn
* 25. 100
* 26. Where did the last battle of the American Revolution take place?
* 27. Puerto Rico became a territory of the United after what war?
* 28. What document turned the United colonies of Great Britain into the United States of America?
* 29. Who has the sole power to appoint a justice to the U.S. Supreme Court?
* 26. Yorktown
* 27. The Spanish-American War
* 28. The Declaration of Independence
* 29. The President
* 30. Name the law that gave 160 acres of unoccupied land to any citizen over 21 willing to live on it for 5 years.
* 31. Name the island in New York Bay that once served as a major U.S. immigration station.
* 32. The First Amendment protects a person's right to "free assembly." What is free assembly?
* 30. the Homestead Act of 1862
* 31. Ellis Island
* 32. Meeting freely in public or private places
Daily Geography
Calculate how many new machines a year received a patent between 1760 and 1789. 1,000 machines received patents in the entire period.
* 1789 - 1760 = 29 years
* 1,000 machines /29 years = 34 machines a year
* A Watts steam engine used 2 tons of coal to run power looms for 15 hours. Calculate how many tons of coal the steam engine would use if the power looms were run continuously for 5 days.
* 5 days X 24 hours / 15 hours X 2 tons
* = 16 tons
This the Daily Geography Questions 41 - 50
* 41. Which country today has the world's largest population?
* 42. Which city is the capital of China?
* 43. In which part of china is the Great Wall located?
* 44. Which two continents did the Silk Road link?
* 45. Through which mountain range did the Aryans pass to get to the Indian subcontinent?
* 41. China
* place
* 42. Beijing
* Place
* 43. northern China
* Location
* 44. Asia and Europe
* Movement
* 45. Hindu Kush
* Movement
* 46. Which large landforms covers much of central India?
* 47. What is the present-day name of the island nation located south of the Indian subcontinent?
* 48. Which religion do most people in India follow today?
* 49. Which religion do most people in Pakistan follow?
* 50. In which present-day country did the religion of Buddhism begin?
* 46. Deccan Plateau
* Place
* 47. Sri Lanka
* Place
* 48. Hinduism
* Place
* 49. Islam
* Place
* 50. India
* Place
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