Chapter 4 Vocabulary Test tomorrow (Vocabulary only)
Vocabulary terms 1 - 19

1.toleration
Willingness to let others practice their own customs and beliefs

2.slave code
Laws that controlled the lives of enslaved African Americans and denied them basic rights

3. racism
Belief that one race is superior to another

4.common
Open field where cattle grazed

5.town meeting
Session in which citizens discuss and vote on local community issues

6.import
Trade product brought into a country

7.mercantilism
Economic theory that a nation’s strength came from building up its gold supplies and expanding its trade

8.patron
Owner of a huge estate in a Dutch colony

9.Sabbath
Holy day of rest in some religions

10.export
Trade product sent to markets outside a country

11. cash crop
Crop sold for money

12. legislature
Group of people who have the power to make laws

13.triangular trade
Colonial trade route between New England, the West Indies, and Africa

14. backcountry
Area of land along the eastern slopes of the Appalachian Moutains

15. middle class
In the 13 English colonies, class that included skilled crafts workers, farmers, and some trades people

16. proprietor
Owner of a proprietary colony

17. buffer
Land between two other lands that reduces the possibility of conflict between the other two

18. royal colony
Colony under the control of the English crown

19. indigo

A plant used to make a valuable blue dye

Chapter 4 Study Question and answers
Questions 1 - 10

1. In the 1600’s, settlers left England to come to the New World for what three reasons?

Get rich
Improve lives by owning land
Religious freedom



2. Who were the Puritans, and where did they eventually settle?

Puritans were the protestants who wanted to rid the Church of England of Catholic practices (wanted to reform the church)
Settled in Massachusetts

3. What was the Great Migration? Who was the leader?

Great Migration (1629 – 1640) when thousands of settlers sailed to the Massachusetts Bay Colony
John Winthrop



4. What was the representative government called that was begun in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

General Court

5.Who set up a town in the Connecticut River Valley because he felt Winthrop had too much power?

Thomas Hooker – Winthrop ruled as he wished.
Hooker felt this was wrong
He wanted to limit the governor’s power
He built Hartford, Connecticut

6.The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut were base on a democratic government. What is a democratic government?

Democratic government: one which people held power and exercise it by choosing representatives in free elections
Some say this was the first written constitution

7. What ideas of Roger Williams worried Puritan leaders?
He said that the land belonged to the Native Americans and they should pay them for it\
Business of church and state should be separate
Believed in toleration
All men, not just church members, should be able to vote

8. Where did Roger Williams settle?
Rhode Island

9. Why was Anne Hutchinson put on trial by Puritans? Results?

Claimed ministers teaching incorrect beliefs
After two days, she made a mistake, she said God spoke directly to her
She was banished from the colony and went to Rhode Island

10. What brought about the witch hunts in Salem in 1692?

1692 – 200 people accused of witchcraft
Two young girls accused of being possessed, therefore they started to accuse neighbors
20 executed

Homework tonight

Define Vocabulary

1. toleration 11. slave code
2. common 12. racism
3. Sabbath 13. mercantilism
4. town meeting 14. import
5. patron 15. export
6. royal colony 16. triangular trade
7. cash crop 17. legislature
8. backcountry 18. middle class
9. indigo 19. proprietor
10. buffer


Study Guide

New England Colonies

1. In the 1600’s, settlers left England to come to the New World for what three reasons?
2. Who were the Puritans, and where did they eventually settle?
3. What was the Great Migration? Who was the leader?
4. What was the representative government called what was begun in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
5. Who set up a town in the Connecticut River Valley because he felt Winthrop had too much power?
6. The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut were base on a democratic government. What is a democratic government?
7. What ideas of Roger Williams worried Puritan leaders?
8. Where did Roger Williams settle?
9. Why was Anne Hutchinson put on trial by Puritans? Results?
10. What brought about the witch hunts in Salem in 1692?

Define Vocabulary

1. toleration 11. slave code
2. common 12. racism
3. Sabbath 13. mercantilism
4. town meeting 14. import
5. patron 15. export
6. royal colony 16. triangular trade
7. cash crop 17. legislature
8. backcountry 18. middle class
9. indigo 19. proprietor
10. buffer


Study Guide

New England Colonies

1. In the 1600’s, settlers left England to come to the New World for what three reasons?
2. Who were the Puritans, and where did they eventually settle?
3. What was the Great Migration? Who was the leader?
4. What was the representative government called what was begun in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
5. Who set up a town in the Connecticut River Valley because he felt Winthrop had too much power?
6. The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut were base on a democratic government. What is a democratic government?
7. What ideas of Roger Williams worried Puritan leaders?
8. Where did Roger Williams settle?
9. Why was Anne Hutchinson put on trial by Puritans? Results?
10. What brought about the witch hunts in Salem in 1692?

Classroom notes

Conflict with Native Americans
• As more colonists settled in New England, they took over Native American lands and fighting broke out
• The largest conflict came in 1675, with the Wampanoag ( Chief Metacom )
• Metacom attacked villages throughout New England ( fought for 14 months before he was caught and sold into slavery with 1000 other Native Americans

• At the center of each village was the common, an open field where cattle grazed
• Nearby stood the meeting house, where Puritans worshipped and held town meetings
Religion
• Sabbath, or holy day of rest, Puritans took it very seriously
• No one was allowed to play games or visit taverns to joke, talk, and drink
• The law required all citizens to attend church services on Sunday which lasted all day

• Women sat on one side of the church and men o the other
• Black and Indians stood in a balcony at the back
• Children had separate pews, where an adult watched over them
• If they sported or played they were punished
Family
• Puritans taught that children were a blessing of God
• Average family had seven or eight children
• Many lived to reach the age of 70
• Children grew up knowing both parents and grandparents

Government
• At town meetings, settlers discussed and voted on many issues
• Town meetings gave New Englanders a chance to speak their minds

• Puritan laws were strict
• 15 crimes carried the death penalty
• One crime punishable by death was witchcraft
• In 1692, Puritans in Salem Village executed 20 men and women as witches
Economy
• New England’s rocky soil was poor for farming, but settlers learned to grow Native American crops of corn, pumpkins, squash, and beans
• Hunted wild turkey, deer and hogs
• Collected sweet sap from sugar maple trees
• Cut down trees
• Fished, shellfish in New England was especially large Oyster and lobsters
• Hunted whales

Classroom notes Conflict with Native Americans As more colonists settled in New England, they took over Native American lands and fighting broke out The largest conflict came in 1675, with the Wampanoag ( Chief Metacom ) Metacom attacked villages throughout New England ( fought for 14 months before he was caught and sold into slavery with 1000 other Native Americans At the center of each village was the common, an open field where cattle grazed Nearby stood the meeting house, where Puritans worshipped and held town meetings Religion Sabbath, or holy day of rest, Puritans took it very seriously No one was allowed to play games or visit taverns to joke, talk, and drink The law required all citizens to attend church services on Sunday which lasted all day Women sat on one side of the church and men o the other Black and Indians stood in a balcony at the back Children had separate pews, where an adult watched over them If they sported or played they were punished Family Puritans taught that children were a blessing of God Average family had seven or eight children Many lived to reach the age of 70 Children grew up knowing both parents and grandparents Government At town meetings, settlers discussed and voted on many issues Town meetings gave New Englanders a chance to speak their minds Puritan laws were strict 15 crimes carried the death penalty One crime punishable by death was witchcraft In 1692, Puritans in Salem Village executed 20 men and women as witches Economy New England’s rocky soil was poor for farming, but settlers learned to grow Native American crops of corn, pumpkins, squash, and beans Hunted wild turkey, deer and hogs Collected sweet sap from sugar maple trees Cut down trees Fished, shellfish in New England was especially large Oyster and lobsters Hunted whales Homework tonight. Define Vocabulary 1. toleration 11. slave code 2. common 12. racism 3. Sabbath 13. mercantilism 4. town meeting 14. import 5. patron 15. export 6. royal colony 16. triangular trade 7. cash crop 17. legislature 8. backcountry 18. middle class 9. indigo 19. proprietor 10. buffer Study Guide New England Colonies 1. In the 1600’s, settlers left England to come to the New World for what three reasons? 2. Who were the Puritans, and where did they eventually settle? 3. What was the Great Migration? Who was the leader? 4. What was the representative government called what was begun in the Massachusetts Bay Colony? 5. Who set up a town in the Connecticut River Valley because he felt Winthrop had too much power? 6. The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut were base on a democratic government. What is a democratic government? 7. What ideas of Roger Williams worried Puritan leaders? 8. Where did Roger Williams settle? 9. Why was Anne Hutchinson put on trial by Puritans? Results? 10. What brought about the witch hunts in Salem in 1692?

Classroom notes from Tuesday
Vocabulary Test on Friday

Chapter 4 Lesson 1
The New England Colonies

Puritans in Massachusetts
John Winthrop was the leader of the religious group know as the Puritans
Puritans did not want to separate entirely from the Church of England
They wanted to reform the church by introducing simpler forms of worship

Leaving England

By 1629, Puritan leaders were convinced that England had fallen on evil times
They were granted a royal charter to form the Massachusetts Bay Company

Massachusetts Bay Colony

The plan was to build a new society in New England
Base their new society on biblical laws and teachings
Far from the king the colony could run their colony as they pleased

Joining the Massachusetts Colonists

Some joined for economic rather than religious reasons
Younger sons with little hope of owning land, sought opportunity elsewhere (in wealthy English families the oldest son usually inherited his father’s estate

Governing the colony

John Winthrop was chosen the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Only stockholders in the Company had the right to vote
Settlers resented taxes and laws passed by a government that they had no say
Granted all MALE church members the right to vote

Between 1629 and 1640, some 15,000 men, women, and children made the journey from England to Massachusetts
This movement of people is known as the Great Migration

Settling Connecticut

May 1636, Thomas Hooker led about 100 settlers out of Massachusetts Bay
Hooker wanted strict limits on government
In 1639, the settlers wrote a plan of government called the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Gave the vote to all men who were property owners, including those who were not church members
Limited the governor’s power
Expanded the idea of representative government in the English colonies

In 1662, Connecticut became a separate colony, with a new charter granted by the king of England

Settling Rhode Island

Roger Williams settled in Rhode Island, he bought land from the Indians
Williams believed in religious toleration
Toleration means a willingness to let others practice their own beliefs


In 1763, Jewish settlers in Rhode Island built Touro Synagogue, the first Jewish house of worship in North America. It still stands today.

No Homework tonight!!

Yeah!!! No Homework tonight!!!

Chapter 3 Lesson 4 Study Questions and answers

3) How did competition grow among European nations?
• As each nation began to claim land and explore the competition grew
• Land and wealth was the main reason
• The other country wanted the land so the other country could not have it

4) How did trappers and missionaries help New France grow?
• The French trappers and Missionaries made friends with the Native Americans and moved into their territories and made a huge profit for France

5) How did the arrival of Europeans affect Native Americans in North America?
• Brought European diseases to the region and killed millions of Native Americans
• Rivalry over fur trade caused Native Americans to attack each other(encouraged by Europeans)
• Over trapping on certain land
• Missionaries tried to convert Native Americans to Christianity
• Native American adopted to European trade goods

6) Who was Martin Luther?

• A German monk who was the leader of the Protestant Reformation

7) What was the Protestant Reformation?
• Protestants began to protest against the church

8) What did all countries compete for all over the world and in the new land?
• Competed for control of land in North America and for economic markets all over the world

9) The first permanent French settlements, in what became known as New France, were founded by ________________.
• Samuel de Champlain

10) On a rocky cliff high above the St. Lawrence River, Champlain built a trading post known as __________________________.
• Quebec

11) What did the French profit from in the New World?
• Fishing, trapping and trading

12) What is a coureurs de bois?
• Runner of the woods

13) How did the French trappers get along with Native Americans?
• Very friendly with the Native Americans
• Native Americans taught the French how to fish and trap
• The French married Native American women

14) Why did missionaries often travel with the coureurs de bois?
• Coureurs de bois knew the landscape and the surrounding areas, felt comfortable around the coureurs de bois and also could speak the language

15) What did the Native Americans call the Mississippi River?
• Father of Waters

Geography Skills
• 2) Mississippi River
• 3) there were no strict boundaries separating their North American territories

Chart Skills

17) Who was Robert LaSalle?
• Traveled down the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico
18) Why were forts built by the French along the Mississippi River?
• To keep Spain and England out

19) What fort was built at the mouth of the Mississippi River?
• New Orleans

These are the notes for class on Wed. 8-17-05

Geaux Tigers
LSU Tigers
#1

Geography Is…

Location
• Where is it located?
• What are the latitude and longitude coordinates of this country?
• Where is this country located in relation to other countries, continents, or landforms?
• Where are this country’s major cities, landforms, and resources?

Location
Where is it located?
• Absolute location – a precise point on the surface of the earth ( latitude and longitude or street names and numbers, indicate absolute location)
• Relative location – refers to the position of a point or place in relation to other places (example: France is located across the English Channel from England)


Place

the physical and human characteristics of a place that set it apart from other places
• What is it like there?
• What is this country’s name, size, and population?
• What customs, religions, languages, and ethnic groups are found in this country?


Place

• What is it like there? It adds to the picture a river ( a physical feature) and a park ( a human feature )
• What do you think of when you envision the Grand Canyon? Niagara Falls? New York City? Paris, France?

Relationships Within Places:

how humans interact with the environment of a place—with both good and bad results
• How have the people in this place adapted to the climate?
• How has the climate affected the settlement of people within this country?
• What forms of energy do people of this country use?

Human/Environment Interaction

• What is the relationship between the people and the environment?
• How does an area change when settlement occurs?

Movement:

the movement of people, products, information, and ideas within a country and between countries
• Where do the majority of people live in this country?
• How are goods, services, and people transported within this country?
• What methods do people use to communicate ideas and information?


Movement

• How and why are places connected?
• The theme of movement looks at transportation and communication systems that link people in one location with those in another location.

Regions:

How regions form and change
• What kind of government does this country have and how was it formed?
• What political regions are located within this country?
• What are some of the unique characteristics of these regions?
• What are some of the major tourist attractions found in this country?

Regions

• A region is an area of the earth that has one or more common factors found throughout it.
• Human factors, such as language or government, or physical features, such as mountains climate, and vegetation help to define a region.

FINAL TEST: TUESDAY CHAPTER 16 AND 17 STUDY QUESTIONS 1 - 25