Chapter 20 Lesson 3

Study Notes

How do differing ideas about government and economics lead to conflict today?

Truman Doctrine
*the United States would give money and supplies to help any nation that wanted to keep out the Soviets
*Also the United States would give military help

European Recovery Act or Marshall Plan

*Truman saw that this plan was passed by Congress
*The plan provided 13 billion to help European countries to rebuild their economies
*The United States, Britain, and France decided to unite the zones in Germany that each occupied.
*The Soviets saw this as a threat
*The Soviets blocked all land and water routes between the western part of Germany and the western zone of Berlin
*Britain and United States sent supplies and dropped it by air

Western Powers founded NATO
Soviets leaders organized the Eastern nations into the Warsaw Pact

1949 - Communist takes over part of China and renamed it the People's Republic of China

Korea after World War II was divided into two parts North - Soviets troops
South - American

June 1950 - North Korea soldiers crossed into South Korea in an attempted to unite North and South Korea under communist rule

The Korean War lasted until 1953. A new border was set up at the 38th parallel

Khrushchev

*Became the leader of the Soviet Union in 1958
*He demanded that the American troops leave West Germany
*Kennedy refused and the Soviets backed down
*East Germans built a wall between West and East Germany called the Berlin Wall




Cuban Missile Crisis

*Castro took over Cuba
*Castro became friendly with the Soviets
*Soviets built launching sites in Cuba
*Only 100 miles from Florida

Vietnam

*Country in Indochina
*Declared independence from France
*United States supported France
*Leaders was Ho Chi Minh, he had communists ties
*Divided into two parts North and South Vietnam
*Communist in the North
*Vietcong - " Vietnamese Communists" people of the south that supported the Ho Chi Minh and the communist
*War broke out between North and South Vietnam
*Early 1960's United States began helping South Korea
*1973 North Vietnamese and United States reach a cease fire agreement
*58,000 Americans died
*360,000 wounded

Vocabulary Test on Friday Chapter 20 Lesson 1 and 3

Chapter 20 Lesson 3
Study Questions

1.Who became the world's most powerful nations after World War I?
2.Why did the Americans and Europeans fear the Soviets?
3.What was the Cold War?
4.What was the "Iron Curtain"?
5.What was the Truman Doctrine?
6.What was the European Recovery Act or the Marshall Plan?
7.What did Britain, France, and United States do during the Marshall Plan? How did the Soviets react to this action?
8.In what part of Europe were most of the Warsaw Pact members?
9.In what part of Europe were most of the NATO members located?
10What was the Western response to the threat of Soviet expansion?
11.What organization did the western powers form?
12.What organization did the Soviets form?
13.How many parts was Korea divided into? Whose troops occupied these areas?
14.What happened in June 1950?
15.Why were Cold War tensions at their worst in the early 1950's?
16.What was the Berlin Wall? Why was it built?
17. What became the symbol of the Cold War?
18.What was the Cuban missile crisis?
19.Where did most of the fighting take place?
20.Who was the leader of Vietnam?
21.Who were the Vietcong?
22.When did the Vietnam War end?
23.Why did United States leaders decide to end their countries role in Vietnam?

"Learning is a treasure that will follow its owner everywhere."
-Chinese Proverb

Chapter 20 Lesson 1

Hitler's slogan- "One People, One Empire, One Leader"

Germany's government army and press was ruled by Nazi party

Germany joined forces with Italy and Japan to try to control the world.

Fascism - set of political ideas that valued strong government control, military strength, and intense nationalism

Benito Mussolini - forced the King of Italy to make him Prime minister

Mussolini banned all political parties except the Facist party

1935 - Italy conquered the African country of Ethiopia

1937 - Japanese military swept into the middle of China

1938 - Germans took control of Austria and parts of Czechoslovakia

appeasement - the policy of not opposing facism

1939 - Germans seized the rest of Czechoslovakia and attacked Poland

1939 - Britain and France declare war on Germany

What were some of the reasons for the start of war in 1939?

1)discontent with the Treaty of Verasilles
2)Unhappiness with how government handled economic problems


Worldwide Conflict

1940 - Germany had taken over Poland, Denmark, Norway, Belgium, the Netherlands, and France

Hitler failed to take Britain in 1940

1941 - Hitler attacked the Soviet Union, even though he had a peace agreement with Stalin

Japan added to their Asian empire. Japan captured other areas of China, and much of Indo-China

Axis Powers - German, Italy and Japan

December 1941 Japan bombs the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii

1943 Italians surrendered in September 1943

What events in 1941 proved to be turning points in the war?

1)Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor
2)U.S. joined war effort
3)Germans faced a difficult fight in Russia

The War Ends

June 6, 1944 D -day, troops landed on the beaches of Normandy, France, with plans to push toward to Germany

May 7 1945 - Germans surrendered ending the war in Europe

August 6, 1945 - U.S. drops an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan

August 9, 1945 U.S. drops another atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan

Japan surrenders after the attacks on Nagasaki and Hiroshima

How did the Allies gain victory in Europe and in the Pacific during World War II?

1)Allies launched the D-Day attack on the shores of France which led to the defeat
2)The United States dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki to defeat Japan

The Holocaust

Concentration camps - type of prison served as slave labor for German war effort

Auschwitz - a concentration camp where Nazi doctors used prisoners for strange and cruel medical experiments

Genocide - the killing of an entire group of people

The Germans' plan was to kill all the Jews in Europe
Jews were herded like cattle into boxcars and taken to special concentration camps

Holocaust - mass killing of Jewish people

6 million Jews had died in death camps and 6 million non-Jews were killed
What reason did the Germans have for killing Jews and other people?

To create a German super race


After the War

50 million soldiers and civilians died in the war

Refugees - people who leave their homes to seek shelter and safety else where

Conferences at Yalta and Potsdam

1)German guns taken away
2)Germany divided into four zones ( Britain, U.S. , France and Soviet Union would govern these zones

United Nations formed to replace the League of Nations and help prevent new wars

Please complete Chapter 20 Study Questions by Friday

Chapter 20 Study Questions

1.Which nation supplied more troops, Italy or China?
2.What were some of the reasons for the start of war in 1939?
3.Which events in 1941 proved to be turning points in the war? Why?
4.What other factors contributed to Germany's defeat?
5.How did the Allies gain victory in Europe and in the Pacific during World War II?
6.Between what lines of latitude and longitude did atomic bombing take place?
( use the map on page 590 )
7.What would future generations have lost if Anne Frank's diary had never been recovered?
8.Why do you think Soviet leaders wanted to keep communist governments in control of these countries?
9.What were the results of the Yalta and Potsdam conferences?
10.Which agency decides whether the UN will send peacekeeping troops to a war torn nation?
11.What were the three major Axis Powers?
12.How did the desires of some people to control others lead to a world war?
13.What factors led to the rise of fascism in Europe?
14.What arguments might people in the United States have made against getting into the war?

Chapter 19 Test Lesson 1,2,3
Study Guide Questions and Answers

1.List the countries in the Triple Alliance Austria-Hungary, Germany, Italy

2.List the countries in the Triple Entente France, Russia, Great Britain

3.What are alliances? An agreement to cooperate

4.What event started World War I? Who? What? Why? The assassination of Archduke Ferdinand and his wife, Austria thought the Serbian government had something to do with the assassination and declared war on Serbia

5.Who did Austria-Hungary declare war on? Serbia

6.What other countries declared war on each other? Germany declared war on Russian, Germany declared war on France, Britain declared war on Germay, Japan declared war on Germany

7.What happened on May 7, 1915? The Lusitania ocean liner was attacked by the Germans and sunk

8.Who was the president that asked Congress to declare war on April 2, 1917? President Wilson

9.How many soldiers were wounded and killed in World War I? 8 million killed and 20 million wounded

10.Why were there so many injuries and deaths during World War I? resulted from new technology such as machines guns, tanks and a poisonous spray called mustard gas

11.Which side lost more soldiers, the Allied Powers or the Central Powers? Which country lost more soldiers? Allied Powers, Russia

12.What happened on June 28, 1919? Delegates signed the Treaty of Versailles officially ending the war

13.How did the Treaty of Versailles punish Germany? 1) had to take full responsibility for the war, pay for damages, reduce its weapons and the size of its army, give up territory

14.What is a czar? Leader of Russia

15.Who ruled Russia in 1762? Catherine the Great

16.Who built the grand city of St. Petersburg? With what means (money) was the city built? Peter the Great, collected high taxes from everyone

17.Who was forced to give up his throne in March 15, 1917? Why? Czar Nicholas II wanted to keep things the same way and he had treated the people harshly for so many years

18.Who controlled the power and the money in Russia? Czars, and the nobles

19.Who founded the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party? Lenin

20.What was Lenin's slogan? "Peace, Land, and Bread"

21.What was the secret Police called during Lenin's rule? Cheka

22.Who was the White Army? Who was the Red Army? White Army - those opposed to Lenin formed this fighting force, Red Army - the Bolsheviks and Lenin formed this army

23.Who took over after Lenin? Joseph Stalin

24.What happened to the people that opposed Lenin or Stalin? Were killed or put into prison or slave labor camps

25.How did Stalin build a totalitarian state? Set up collectives, placed the economy under government control, Imprisoned or killed opponents of his government

26.Place the following events in order:
a.Production stays high, but demand falls 2
b.Americans buy huge amounts of goods 1
c.Businesses fail, and people lose jobs 5
d.Stock prices crash 4
e.The Great Depression begins 6
f.People buy stocks on credit 3

27.Which areas of the world were most affected by the Great Depression? United States, Europe, Asia, Africa, South America

28.What was the New Deal? Provided money to allow farmers to keep their land, help people who were out of work, created millions of jobs by paying for many public works, created the Social Security Act of 1935

29.What President proposed the New Deal? President Roosevelt

30.Who took over Germany after World War I? Adolf Hitler

31.What political party was formed by Adolf Hitler? National Socialist or Nazi party

32.Who did Hitler blame all of Germany's political and economic troubles on? The Jewish people

33.How did Hitler and the Nazis take control in Germany? Hitler convinced the Germans they were a superrace, promised to rebuild Germany's economy, and banned other political parties

Chapter 19 Test is on Wednesday
Review this guide for the test

Chapter 19 Test Lesson 1,2,3
Study Guide

1.List the countries in the Triple Alliance
2.List the countries in the Triple Entente
3.What are alliances?
4.What event started World War I? Who? What? Why?
5.Who did Austria-Hungary declare war on?
6.What other countries declared war on each other?
7.What happened on May 7, 1915?
8.Who was the president that asked Congress to declare war on April 2, 1917?
9.How many soldiers were wounded and killed in World War I?
10. Why were there so many injuries and deaths during World War I?
11.Which side lost more soldiers, the Allied Powers or the Central Powers? Which country lost more soldiers?
12.What happened on June 28, 1919?
13.How did the Treaty of Versailles punish Germany?
14.What is a czar?
15.Who ruled Russia in 1762?
16.Who built the grand city of St. Petersburg? With what means (money) was the city built?
17.Who was forced to give up his throne in March 15, 1917? Why?
18.Who controlled the power and the money in Russia?
19.Who founded the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party?
20.What was Lenin's slogan?
21.What was the secret Police called during Lenin's rule?
22.Who was the White Army? Who was the Red Army?
23.Who took over after Lenin?
24.What happened to the people that opposed Lenin or Stalin?
25.How did Stalin build a totalitarian state?
26.Place the following events in order:
a.Production stays high, but demand falls
b.Americans buy huge amounts of goods
c.Businesses fail, and people lose jobs
d.Stock prices crash
e.The Great Depression begins
f.People buy stocks on credit

27.Which areas of the world were most affected by the Great Depression?
28.What was the New Deal?
29.What President proposed the New Deal?
30.Who took over Germany after World War I?
31.What political party was formed by Adolf Hitler?
32.Who did Hitler blame all of Germany's political and economic troubles on?
33.How did Hitler and the Nazis take control in Germany?

Chapter 19 Test Lesson 1,2,3 has been pushed back to Wednesday, February 18. We will review all lessons on Friday and get a Review sheet on Friday also.

Vocabulary Test Thursday
Chapter 19 Test Lesson 1,2,3 is on Friday


Vocabulary Test
Study Guide

1.militarism - strong interest in armed power
2.conscription - the drafting of young men to serve in the armed forces for a set number of years
3.arms race - competition to have the most weapons
4.armistice - agreement to stop fighting
5.autocrats - leaders with unlimited authority
6.czar - ruler or leader of Russia
7.Communism - a system in which all property and all means of production belong to the people as a group
8.soviet- workers' groups that planned and carried out the revolution
9.collectives - a large farm on which people work together as a group
10.purges- those who opposed Stalin were killed or put into prison
11.totalitarian - a state in which the government has complete control over people's lives.
12.Great Depression - in the 1930's, the United States began the worst economic decline in the world's history
13.inflation - a continuing increase in prices
14.Propaganda - the spreading of information or rumors to help or hurt a cause
15.Nationalism - sense of extreme pride or loyalty to a nation
16.Allied Powers - France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, United States
17.Central Powers - Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy before WWI
18.Treaty of Versailles - Agreement ending WWI
19.Alliances - countries siding with other countries for military strength
20.April 1917 - The date that the United States enters WWI


Chapter 19
Lesson 3

The Great Depression

A Depression in the Making

*After World War I the U.S. Economy expanded and factories increased production
*However, demand for products fell, and there were too many unsold goods on the shelves
*American started buying stocks but when they wanted to sell there was not enough buyers
*October 1929, the stock prices crashed, starting the Great Depression

What economic problems were hidden by the prosperity of the 1920's?

*Supplies of goods greater than demand
*High taxes on imports to U.S. stopped people from buying
*People lost money in the stock market
*Unemployment grew

To help in understanding the sequence of events that led to the stock market crash of October 1929, place the following events in proper sequence:

*Production stays high, but demand falls
*Americans buy huge amounts of goods
*Businesses fail, and people lose jobs
*Stock prices crash
*The Great Depression begins
*People buy stocks on credit

How did the Great Depression affect the world economy?

*Economies around the world suffered

Which areas of the world were most affected by the Great Depression?
*The United States
*Europe
*Asia
*Africa
*South America



Roosevelt and the New Deal


Roosevelt's new idea
*Proposed new laws and programs to help people quickly
*Urged Congress to pass laws to reform the economic system
*Called the new laws the New Deal

New Deal

*Provided money to allow farmers to keep their land
*Help people who were out of work
*Created millions of new jobs by paying for many public works
*Created the Social Security Act of 1935
1.gave money to people who were:
a.retired
b.disabled
c.unable to work for other reasons

The New Deal still affects out lives today. The New Deal was the beginning of the Social Security system and that many of today's roads, bridges, and schools were built by the Work Projects Administration, a federal relief job program.

What steps did President Roosevelt take to bring the United States out of the Great Depression?
*Gave money go farmers and people out of work
*Provided jobs in public works
*Started the Social Security system

In what year did the United States face the highest unemployment?

*1933

Hitler and the rise of the Nazis

After World War I, Germany became a federal republic
They wanted a strong leader who would make Germany powerful again
Some thought that leader was Adolf Hitler









Adolf Hitler

*fought in World War I
*1920 helped form a highly nationalistic anticommunist group called the National Socialist or Nazi party.
*His idea that the Germans were a "superrace", a group of people better than all others
*Promised to rebuild Germany's economy
*Forced German president to make him chancellor
*Forced the Reichstag to give him control of the government
*Took the title of fuhrer
*Banned all political parties except the Nazi party
*Put an end to elections
*Formed a strong secret police called the Gestapo
*Rebuilt Germany's army
*Hitler said that the cause of Germany's political and economic troubles were the fault of the Jewish people

How did Hitler and the Nazis take control in Germany?

*Hitler convinced the Germans they were a superrace, promised to rebuild Germany's economy, and banned other political parties

Chapter 19 Lesson 3
Study Questions

1.What economic problems were hidden by the prosperity of the 1920's?
2.How did the Great Depression affect the world economy?
3.Which areas of the world were most affected by the Great Depression?
4.What steps did President Roosevelt take to bring the United States out of the Great Depression?
5.In what year did the United States face the highest unemployment?
6.Why did some Germans think Hitler was the leader for whom they had been looking?
7.How did Hitler and the Nazis take control in Germany?
8.What event marked the beginning of the Great Depression in the United States?
9.How did economic problems in the United States lead to problems in other countries?

Sorry I put the Lesson 2 questions before these
These were given out in class on Thursday

Study Questions Chapter 19 Lesson 1
Pages 565 - 571

1.How did nationalism create conflict in Europe at the end of the nineteenth century?
2.How do you think nationalism affected the different cultural groups in the Balkans before World War I?
3.Why did the European nations build up their military power?
4.How did the assassinations of Archduke Francis Ferdinand and he wife lead to war?
5.Why do you think World War I spread beyond Europe's borders?
6.What three world powers made up the Triple Entente?
7.What three world powers made up the Triple Alliance?
8.What new roles did women take on during World War I?
9.What role do women play in the United States military today?
10Which side lost more soldiers lost more soldiers, the Allied Powers or the Central Powers?
11.How did new technology add to the destruction during World War I?
12.Why do you think Wilson's Fourteen Points proposal was not accepted by the delegates to the peace conference?
13.What new countries were formed in Europe because of the Treaty?
14.How did the Treaty of Versailles punish Germany?
15.What were the two major alliances in Europe in the years leading up to World War I? What nations were in each?
16.How did the system of alliances among European nations lead to World War I?
17.How did nationalism create tensions in Europe in he early 1900's?
18.How have nationalist feelings affected recent international conflict?